지역 맞춤형 생활권계획 실현을 위한 공간계획 수립 방안

지역 맞춤형 생활권계획을 실현하기 위한 공간계획 수립 방안을 연구했다.

Amid rapid changes in external conditions—such as accelerated economic growth, improvements in quality of life, and the diversification of cultural and leisure demands—the need for a bottom-up urban planning approach that can flexibly respond to evolving situations is increasingly being recognized. The existing urban planning system, which has focused primarily on high-density metropolitan areas, has limitations in responding to local conditions and adapting to changing circumstances.

In response, the Korean government institutionalized the Living Area Plan in 2023—a framework positioned between the Comprehensive Urban Plan and the Urban Management Plan—to promote the development of practical Spatial Plans that reflect residents’ living conditions and enable Regional Customization. With the growing recognition of the need to establish Living Area Plans that reflect local conditions, previous studies have proposed classifications of Living Area Plans using quantitative methods such as indexing and typology analysis for specific regions, as well as future visions through qualitative approaches such as surveys and interviews.

However, to develop effective Living Area Plans that are responsive to future regional conditions, it is essential to integrate both quantitative analysis—such as assessing local conditions for planning—and qualitative research that examines public consensus and perceptions regarding Living Area Plans. A combined research approach is therefore required to ensure both analytical accuracy and social alignment in the planning process.

In particular, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province exhibits the characteristics of a mixed urban-rural region, where both urban and rural features coexist, and also functions as a tourism-specialized city by leveraging its urban tourism resources to develop the tourism industry. Therefore, future Living Area Plans for Jeju must prioritize the development of Spatial Plans tailored to regional types, taking into account diverse local characteristics such as population distribution and industrial structure. Accordingly, this study focuses on 73 administrative districts (Eup, Myeon, and Dong, excluding Chuja-Myeon) within Jeju Special Self-Governing Province.

It conducts an Accessibility Analysis reflecting population and infrastructure characteristics relevant to Living Area Planning, and classifies the districts based on similarities in these attributes. Subsequently, an Expert Survey was conducted to propose strategies for future Living Area Plans according to the identified regional types. Based on these analyses, the study provides key insights and strategic recommendations for the formulation of Spatial Plans within Jeju’s Living Area Plan framework. The main findings are as follows.

First, based on population characteristics and Accessibility Analysis of sector-specific living SOC (Social Overhead Capital) services, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province was classified into three regional types: (1) Urban Type, with high population density and high accessibility; (2) Rural Type, with low population and low accessibility; and (3) Mixed Urban-Rural Type, with a high population but low accessibility. For the Urban Type, optimal placement of living SOC facilities and securing spatial balance were proposed, reflecting high-density urban characteristics.

For the Rural Type, tailored provision of SOC facilities and clustered infrastructure strategies centered around urban hubs were suggested. For the Mixed Urban-Rural Type, strategies included the allocation of multifunctional SOC facilities considering floating population and the enhancement of infrastructure quantity. Second, the results of the Expert Survey on future Living Area Plan strategies by type revealed key policy directions. For the Urban Type, priorities included resident demand-based planning to address spatial imbalance, infrastructure overload, and traffic congestion, along with infrastructure remodeling and public transportation improvement.

For the Rural Type, key strategies included demand-responsive planning to address population decline, aging, and the lack of essential SOC services, as well as development of integrated services linked to tourism and the local economy. The Mixed Urban-Rural Type faced challenges such as weak urban-rural connectivity and spatial conflicts between residents and tourists. In response, the study proposed expanding SOC through urban regeneration and developing integrated facilities through public-private partnerships.

Third, recognizing that a systematic Living Area Plan must consider not only individual regional strategies but also inter-regional coordination, the study proposes a Hierarchical Shared Infrastructure Model for SOC services across the Urban, Rural, and Mixed Urban-Rural types. This model aims to promote efficient infrastructure development and utilization through shared, tiered facility structures. This study is significant in that, unlike previous research that primarily focused on either quantitative analyses or interviews and surveys, it integrates both quantitative analysis through Accessibility Analysis and qualitative analysis via an Expert Survey.

By doing so, it proposes future Spatial Planning strategies that comprehensively consider both the physical characteristics of each region and public perception. However, several limitations remain. First, the analysis of living SOC service facilities in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province was conducted by calculating accessibility areas relative to population figures. While this method offers useful insights, it does not fully account for other influential factors such as road networks or population distribution. Future research should incorporate a broader range of accessibility indicators to enable a more realistic and multi-dimensional analysis.

Second, the survey on perceptions of Living Area Plans by type was conducted exclusively with experts in the field of urban planning,