북한산도시자연공원의 적정 도시공원유형 배분 및 관리 방안 연구

북한산 도시자연공원의 유형별 배분과 관리 및 토지이용 분류를 연구했다.

This study aims at suggesting ways to properly locate and manage different types of urban nature parks, and plans to create and maintain urban nature parks, neighborhood parks and theme parks, and to classify land use to see which parts should be conserved and which parts should be used, which will help suggest ways to properly locate types of parks based on the revised Urban Park Act. For that purpose, this study researched natural environment, artificial environment related laws of urban nature parks areas in Bukhansan(Mt.) that need immediate reconstruction. The way they were used was also studied.

The research includes the conditions of the urban nature park of Bukhansan, classified the parts of the mountain, decided proper location of different types of parks, and suggests specific ways to create and manage each type of parks. This study suggests grounds why certain parts of the urban nature parks in Bukhansan should be conserved, restored, or could be used. On the basis of the grounds, this study set 4 land use types of the park ; areas that needs absolute preservation, areas that should be preserved or restored, areas that can be used in an environmentally friendly way, and lastly areas that should be highly utilized.

Areas that needs absolute preservation were steep and precipitous areas with a gradient of 30~45°, areas with biotope grade 1, and areas that are designated as wild bird refuges by evaluation of wild bird habitats. The type of land use of such areas were cultural sites and forest (I) that was given biotope grade 1, 2, 3. Land ownership of these areas were cultural sites that are public and common land, and forest (I) with biotope grade 1, 2, 3. The park creation plan of these areas suggested no park facilities area.

Areas that should be preserved or restored are areas with a gradient of 20~30°, biotope with biotope grade 2, 3, and areas that are designated as wild bird refuges by evaluation of wild bird habitats. The type of land use of these areas were lakes and marshes and forest (II) that was given biotope grade 4. Land ownership of such areas were forest (II) with biotope grade 4 that is public and common land, and forest (II) with biotope grade 4 that is private land. The park creation plan of these areas suggested park facilities area.

Areas that can be used in an environmentally friendly way were steep slopes with a gradient of 5~10°, biotope with biotope grade 4, and areas that are designated as wild bird refuges by evaluation of wild bird habitats. The land use type of such areas were lakes and marshes and forest (II) that was given biotope grade 4. Land ownership of such areas were lakes and marshes, and barren land within forest that is public and common land, and a barren land within forest that is private land. Park creation plan of these areas suggested park facilities(not built yet) and no park facilities area(areas where a park can be built with low density).

Areas that should be highly utilized were flat land with a gradient of less than 5°, biotope with biotope grade 5, and areas that are designated as wild bird refuges by evaluation of wild bird habitats. The type of land use of such areas were urbanization areas, planted areas and barren land within forest. Land ownership of such areas were urbanization areas and planted areas that are public and common land, and an urbanization area that is private land. Park creation plan of these areas suggested park facilities(built) and no park facilities area(areas where a park can be built with high density).

To properly locate different types of urban nature parks of Bukhansan, detailed standards of each park type were set and 4 sites for neighborhood park and seven sites for theme parks were selected. To decide what type of park should be built in what type of land in the urban nature park areas of Bukhansan, land use type, a user questionnaire, accessibility, creation of parks based on natural environment and natural ecosystem, and construction and size criteria of urban parks were studied. Areas where urban nature parks can be built in Bukhansan are areas that needs absolute preservation and areas that should be preserved or restored.

And these areas have forest landscape viewpoint, forest and urban landscape viewpoint. They also have natural valleys, naturalized valleys, and artificial valleys whose water system is 0~4m long. These areas are also being used as habitats for Hynobius nebulosus and a park in these areas should be built as natural parks under a park creation plan. These areas have average or poor accessibility and have water springs, athletic facilities, and rest facilities. Neighborhood park should be built in areas that should be highly utilized. These areas have forest and urban landscape viewpoint. Parks with a variety of facilities or athletic facilities can be built in theses areas.

These areas have easy accessibility, athletic facilities and rest facilities. Theme parks should be built in areas that should be preserved or restored(i.e. forest ecological parks), or areas that can be used in an environmentally friendly way. These areas have forest landscape viewpoint and forest and urban landscape viewpoint. They also have natural valleys, and naturalized valleys, and artificial valleys whose water system is 0~4m long. These areas are also being used as habitats for Hynobius nebulosus. Parks in here should be built as natural parks where people can take a rest.

These areas have easy or average accessibility and water springs, spring out areas, athletic facilities and rest facilities. More specifically, this study suggests among neighborhood park, Bugaksan Octagonal Pavilion which is a rest facility should be a neighborhood park within walking distance. A small neighborhood park for rural life can be built in areas with closed church at Bugaksan in Seongbuk-gu. At the ridge near Jeongneung 4 dong, Seongbuk-gu, a neighborhood park within walking distance is suggested to be created. At t