농공단지 개발정책의 개선방안에 관한 연구 : 아산시 득산농공단지를 중심으로

아산시 사례를 중심으로 농공단지 개발정책의 개선방안을 연구했다.

우리나라의 工業化는 1960年代 初盤이후 高度成長 爲主의 輸出主導形 工業化 政策으로 都市와 農村間, 工業과 農業間 發展의 格差로 極甚한 不均衡을 이룩하게 되어 都市地域은 人口增加에 따른 各種 都帝問題가 發生되었고 農漁村地域도 계속되는 離農現象으로 農村人口 減少에 따른 農村問題가 發生되어 國家發展의 效率性을 低下시키게 되었다. 農村地域의 活性化를 위하여 政府에서는 "農漁村副業團地 育成事業"과 "새마을工場 育成事業"의 農漁村工業化 政策을 推進하였으나 소기의 成果를 이루지 못하였다. 이에 政府에서는 그간 推進하였던 農村工業化 政策을 修正, 補完한 "農工團地 開發政策"을 1984年부터 推進하고 있으나 最近 農工團地 入住業體의 休·閉業率이 增加되고 우선지원 農漁村地域의 農工團地 分讓率이 低調한 등 많은 問題點이 表出되고 있다. 따라서 本 硏究는 農工團地 開發政策의 問題點을 忠淸南道 牙山市 得山農工團地를 事例地域으로 把握해 보고 그 改善方案을 摸索하고자 다음과 같은 體系로 構成하였다. 먼저, 本 論文은 理論的 基礎로서 工業立地 理論에서 計劃立地로서의 農工團地 開發政策의 當爲性과 農村工業化 理論에서 廣義槪念인 事實的槪念에 立脚한 農工團地 開發政策의 必要性을 提示하였다. 第3章에서는 農村의 現實的 問題點을 알아보고 過去 推進하였던 農村 工業化政策인 農漁村副業團地 育成事業과 새마을工場 育成事業을 巨視的인 觀點에서 살펴보고 失敗要因을 分析해 보았다.

그리고 農工團地 開發政策을 全般的으로 살펴보았다. 즉, 農工團地의 定義와 必要性, 農工團地의 指定對象과 規模 및 節次, 立地選定基準과 農工團地의 各種 支援制度 및 開發現況을 言及해 보았다. 政府가 農工團地에 대하여 制度的으로 많은 支援을 하고 있음에도 農工團地 入住業體의 높은 休·閉業率과 優先支援 및 追加支援 農漁村地域 農工團地의 낮은 分讓率은 制度 및 運營上 問題點이 있음을 알수 있다. 第4章에서는 全國 및 忠淸南道의 農工團地 開發環況을 살펴보고, 忠淸南道 牙山市 得山農工團地를 事例地域으로 農工團地開發政策 및 運營實態를 分析하여 問題點을 導出하고 그 改善方案을 摸索하여 보았다. 導出된 問題點으로는 農工團地 就業者의 就業에 대한 滿足度가 대단히 낮았으며 또한 就業者의 移職率도 높아 業體에 深刻한 問題가 되고 있으며 그 이유는 낮은 賃金으로 나타났다.

人力確保에도 많은 어려움을 겪고 있는데 특히 技能, 技術職種의 人力確保가 어려운 것으로 나타났으며 또한 農工團地 入住業體의 從業員에 대한 職業訓練 未洽에 대한 問題, 資金不足 및 金融支援制度의 未洽, 稅制支援制度의 不合理등이 導出되었으며 그 改善方案으로는 農工團地 入住業體의 事業性 檢討를 全 業體로 擴大시킴으로서 事前 不實業體의 農工團地 入住를 防止할 수 있고, 農工團地이 分讓價를 農漁村區分 類型別로 差等化시킴으로서 農工團地 分讓率을 높일수 있을 것으로 期待되며 農工團地의 團地別 規模를 擴大시킴으로서 各種 費用節減과 集積利益을 期待할수 있으며 또한 金融支援의 規模擴大와 償還期間의 延長으로 資金難을 緩和시키고 稅制支援制度를 國稅 爲主의 減免 및 免稅로 轉換하여 地方財政 基盤의 强化要因이 될 수 있을 것이고, 農工團地 入住業體에 職業訓練의 支援을 할수 있는 制度的 裝置를 마련하여 競爭力 向上에 도움을 주는 方案 등을 提示하였다.

結論的으로 農漁村地域에 農漁村工業을 活性化시켜 農漁民의 所得水準과 生活與件을 向上시키고 農漁村 定住基盤을 强化시킴으로서 大都市의 過密化를 緩和시키고 國土의 均衡發展을 圖謀시키는 것이 農工團地 開發政策의 目的인 만큼 最近 WTO(World Trade Organization)體制 出帆 및 OECD(Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)加入에 따라 農工團地 開發政策에 대한 새로운 認識과 함께 效率的인 政策推進을 위하여 積極的이고 綜合的인 改善對策이 要求되고 있다. Since the early '60s the policy of the export-directed industrialization that had rushed for the high level of growth caused a wide disparity and a heavy imbalance between urban and rural areas, and between industry and agriculture.

The urban areas got to undergo all sorts of problems because of the increase of population, and the rural areas came to suffer the continuing rural exodus and the decrease of the agricultural population both which reduced the efficiency in the national development.

The government promoted the policies to industrialize the agricultural and fishery communities under the side business development project and new community - factory development project but couldn't attain the exported outcome, And then, the government pushed ahead with the project on developing the agricultural-industrial Complex from 1984 that amended the existing rural industrialization plans for the better But many problems also emerged this time, as there were increasing closure and shurtdown of the firms in recent days that did business at the agricultural-industrial cmplex. and many parts of the Complex were not sold in the rural areas where were given the preferential aid.

The propose of this study was to grasp the problems in the agricultural-industrial complex development project from the case study over the Deuksan agricultural-industrial complex in Ahsan City. The Southern choongchung Province, and look for the way to improve the problems in the following procedures: First, this study offered the rationale of the inevitable demand and necessities for the appropriate agricultural - industrial development project, on the basis of the realistic concept in a abroad sense of the rural industrialization theories and putting an emphasis on the planned location of the industry location theories.

chapter 3 realistically examined the problems in the rural area and took a bird's-eye-view of the side business development project for the agricultural and fishery communities and the new community - factory project in the past to find out the cause of the failure of those project. And the agricultural-industrial complex development project was reviewed on the whole, from the definition necessities it/s object's nomination and scope. the procedure,to the standard of the site location, its aid system and prosent situation.

Although the government provided a great deal of institutional aid, we could notice there were problems in its institution and operation in view of the high rate of closure and shutdown of the firms located at the complex and the low rate of allotment in the complex that was given the preferential or additional aid. chapter 4 took a general look of the developmental states of the agricultural-industrial complex throughout the nation and especially in the Southern choongchung Province, and conducted a case study over the Deuksan complex in Ahsan, the Southern choongchung Province, to find out the problem and look for the way to improve it.

The findings were that the employers at the complex showed extremely poor satisfaction with their job and their separation rate was very high, putting the firms at the complex into the heavy trouble. The reason was identified as the low wage. The complex also had lots of difficulties in procuring man power, particularly for the technical service. And the job training over employers was not sufficiently done, and there were additional matters for the pour financing the lack of banking aid and the unreasonable tax aid system. In order to solve those problems. The following measures were suggested in this study.

The rating of business potential must enlarge into every firms that wanted to be at the complex to prevent insolvent enterprise form moving into it in advance The allotment rate of the complex could be expected to rise by differentiating the allotment cost with each business type. The enlargement of the complex scale considering each business type would be able to bring forth all sort of cost reduction and the accumulated profit The financial difficulty might be relieved by increasing the banking