연구 요약
연구 요지 (AI)
산업단지 인허가 절차 간소화 이후 개발사례와 제도 개선을 분석했다.
초록
In Korea, the development of industrial complexes has been implemented according to the directions of the government policy. Regulatory reform was one of Lee Myung-bak government’s major projects. According to 「Industrial Sites and Development Act」, it took 2 to 4 years to obtain authorization and permission of the development of industrial complexes, therefore, it could not ensure smooth supply of industrial land.
Lee Myung-bak government enacted 「Act on Special Cases Concerning the Simplification of Authorization and Permission Procedures for Industrial Complexes」(2008.6.5.) in order to simplify the authorization and permission process to be able to supply industrial land to the needs of enterprises by integrating a development plan and an implementation plan into an industrial complex plan and applying special exceptions to the authorization and permission process more broadly.
After the Act was introduced, American financial crisis hit and the demand for industrial complexes decreased, but 383 new ones have been designated since 2008 and as of the end of 2015, the size of the undeveloped area amounts to 267㎢.
「Act on Special Cases Concerning the Simplification of Authorization and Permission Procedures for Industrial Complexes」 has contributed to the timely supply of industrial land and the development of industrial complexes, but their business value fell and the financing became difficult, so implementation of the project has remained stagnant and many of the development plans have not carried out yet, which clearly displays the limitations of the supply-side policy.
This study examined the polices for the development of industrial complexes and compared their states and the characteristics before and after the enforcement of the Act in terms of designation, development and sale in order to identify the drawbacks of the 「Act on Special Cases Concerning the Simplification of Authorization and Permission Procedures for Industrial Complexes」 and suggest the improvement strategies. More specifically, this study categorized the special exceptions applied to the “permission procedures” and “shortening period” as system implementation and approval procedure and analyzed the cases of the development of industrial complexes in Chungnam Province.
To confirm the validity and the objectivity of the results of the analysis, in-depth interviews of experts were conducted. This study classified the drawbacks of the Act into six categories: First, the guideline for the letter of intent to invest has not been rigorous enough so that it has been hard to evaluate its relevance, which might have allowed some construction companies and real estate development companies to take advantage of the lack of rigorousness for project financing. Second, Industrial complex plans have not developed properly and the accountability issue for the quality of the plans has not been dealt clearly.
Third, committees for deliberation on industrial complex planning have failed to reflect the views of all the involved parties fairly and have not properly dealt with disproportionate and overlapping deliberation. Fourth, the hearing opinions from residents has not been effectively conducted, so there has been an increase in civil complaints related to the development of industrial complexes. Fifth, joint conciliation meetings and investment promotion centers have failed to function to coordinate conflicting interests. Sixth, the special exceptions applied to the “permission procedures” and “shortening period” have not produced tangible results.
Based on the analysis of the drawbacks of the Act, six strategies were proposed in order to improve the related system. In-depth interviews of experts were conducted to confirm the objectivity of the suggestions. First, more specific standards for drafting and evaluating a letter of intent to invest should be established and a system that guarantees the implementation of industrial complex development should be introduced. Second, to ensure the quality of industrial complex plans, expert opinions should be sought from the inception stage of a project.
When an industrial complex is not developed for end users but for sale, its plan should follow the steps prescribed in the Industrial Sites and Development Act and a real-name system should be introduced to make certain its quality. Third, a project implementer should be allowed to make a choice between unitary deliberation and individual one to avoid the overlap. Fourth, exemption provisions for the hearing opinions from residents should be specified and a more effective governance system should be introduced to settle civil complaints. Fifth, a designating authority should hold a joint conciliation meeting and gather the opinions of project implementers of the private sector.
Sixth, administrative process should be improved to abide by the current time limit of six months to determine the approval of an industrial complex plan. 우리나라의 산업단지 개발은 정부의 정책기조 변화에 발맞춰 개발되었다. 이명박 정부는 규제개혁을 최우선 국정과제로 추진하면서 「산업입지 및 개발에 관한 법률」체계에서 산업단지를 개발 할 경우 인·허가 기간만 2~4년 이상 소요되어 산업용지의 원활한 공급에 차질이 우려되어 이를 극복하기 위해 개발계획과 실시계획을 산업단지계획으로 통합하고 유사절차와 인·허가 의제사항을 확대한 특례사항을 적용하여 인·허가 절차를 간소화함으로써 6개월 이내에 인·허가를 완료하여 기업수요에 맞게 신속하게 산업 용지를 공급할 수 있도록 「산업단지 인·허가 절차 간소화를 위한 특례법」을 제정(2008.6.5.)하였다. 특례법 시행 이후 미국 발 금융위기와 경기침체로 기업수요는 줄었으나 전국에 산업단지는 2008년 742개에서 2015년 1,125개로 383개가 신규 지정되었고 2015년 말 기준으로 미개발면적이 267㎢에 달하고 있다.
그동안 특례법은 산업용지 공급과 개발활성화에 기여하였으나 개발단계에서 사업성이 악화되고 재원조달 등의 어려움으로 사업추진이 장기화되고 미개발 사례가 빈번하게 발생되는 공급위주정책의 한계를 드러내고 있다. 본 연구는 특례법 시행으로 인해 나타난 문제점과 개선방안 도출을 위해 산업단지개발 관련제도를 고찰하고 특례법 시행 전·후의 산업단지의 현황과 특성을 산업단지의 지정, 개발, 분양으로 세분하여 살펴보았다. 구체적 문제점과 제도개선 방안 마련을 위해 특례법에서 규정하고 있는 승인절차와 기간단축 특례 사항에 대해 제도운영 사항과 승인절차 사항으로 유형화하여 충청남도 산업단지 개발사례를 항목별로 분석하고 문제점에 대한 검증과 객관성을 확보하기 위해 산업단지개발 전문가를 대상으로 심층인터뷰를 시행하여 신뢰할 수 있는 결과를 도출하였다. 본 연구에서 나타난 「산업단지 인·허가 절차 간소화를 위한 특례법」제도의 문제점은 6개 항목으로 분석할 수 있다. 첫째, 투자의향서 작성기준이 미흡하여 투자의향서의 적정성을 검증하기 어렵고 건설회사 및 부동산개발회사가 참여하여 PF(Project Financing) 수단으로 악용되는
발행 정보
2016. 서울시립대학교 국내석사 학위논문