택지개발지구의 물리적 특성과 거주자 만족도에 의한 근린환경평가 : 청주권 3개 지구를 중심으로

청주 택지개발지구의 물리적 특성과 거주자 만족도로 근린환경을 평가했다.

This study’s purpose is to find helpful data and proposals for community environment planning in the urban development projects. This study tried to extract factors for a positive community environment, with relation to the physical characteristics and residents’ satisfaction level. Three cases for study in the Cheongju area witnessed rapid urbanization through continuous land development. The 3 residential development complexes studied herein are a residence-oriented complex, a residence-government mixed complex, both in Cheongju-city, and a residence-industry mixed-complex in suburban Cheongju.

The physical characteristics of the complexes in a literature study and field survey, comprised of location, developmental concept, land use, traffic, downtown access and community environment. In addition, questionnaires were answered by residents on socio-demographic property, housing characteristics, moving motive, housing choice, convenience using behavior, satisfaction and requirement on community environment, and amelioration priority which is a modified index of satisfaction and requirement.

The tools of analysis are frequency, percentage, cross tabulation, multiple discriminant analysis, one-way ANOVA, multiple regression analysis, and Categorical Regression Analysis using SPSS WIN 12.0 program. 1) The developmental concept of complexes maintained its initial identity. The residence-oriented complex, having wider residential space, had better downtown access and more convenient facilities for daily life. The residence-government mixed complex, constructed with an eco-friendly concept, had wider green and public service space and good downtown access but on the other hand, had less convenience facilities because of a short period from construction.

The residence-industry mixed complex, located in sub-urbanity and conceding more land for industries, had poor access to downtown but had more convenient facilities for workers’ use. 2) The household characteristics varied with the location and developmental concept of the complexes. This means that the developer has to keep in mind, the designing stage and what sort of residents will be hosted in the complex; the location and development concept have to match with the household characteristics and moving motive. 3) The housing choice showed different interests in convenience facilities and education environment along with types of complexes.

To the families with children attending school, the education environment was considered more important in smaller cities compared to metropolitan cities. A sufficient supply of schools and convenience facilities are essential in designing residential complex in such districts. In the mixed residence complexes with government offices or industrial areas, the housing choices reflected more interest in investment value. It means that speculation preventing measures such as financial/taxation regulations are important for stable residing conditions.

4) The most frequently visited convenience facilities were shopping facilities, large or small, and banks, and activities were commonly done in the complex or adjacent area. This means it is recommended that the developer of the new complex locate convenience facilities in multi-core concentration types or street types rather than one-core concentration types. 5) The satisfaction of residents in the community environment correlates with the increasing convenience facilities after construction. It means that collateral construction of convenience facilities with residences should be forced by regulation in the development.

In the new outskirt complexes of smaller cities, dissatisfaction occurs more with public transportation rather than the road system, so that efficient public transportation systems, inner and neighboring areas, is requisite. 6) Even in the residence-oriented complex, the education environment does not entirely account for satisfaction level; the green environment is also second in priority after the education environment. The development density should be lower to supply more green space like parks. Such consideration on human-nature co-existence may enhance the satisfaction level.

In the residence-government mixed complex with an eco-friendly concept, a good natural environment does not entirely account for satisfaction level; education environment is also second in priority after the natural environment. The supply of sufficient schools may be fulfilled in the ways of reform of the education zone with neighboring existing residential areas. In the outskirt residence-industry mixed complex of smaller cities, priority was placed more on the location and convenience; this explains the complex’s poor access to downtown.

Such a complex, hence, should be planned in the way that convenience facilities are completely equipped and public transportation and traffic systems are adequately designed. Even though this type of complex, because of its distinction of the industrial area, cannot fully meet the general needs of the residential area, the developer has to put more importance on the convenience and service facilities for residents to feel comfortable and satisfactory.

본 연구는 활발한 도시개발사업으로 대규모 택지개발을 통한 아파트 공급이 이루어지고 있는 청주권의 신규택지개발지구 중 주거중심형과 공공청사 복합형으로 개발된 청주시 내의 2개 택지개발지구와 산업단지 복합형으로 개발된 청주시 외곽의 1개 택지개발지구의 물리적 특성과 거주자 만족도에 의해 근린환경을 평가하여 각 택지개발지구별로 근린환경만족도를 높일 수 있는 요소를 도출해 앞으로 도시개발사업시 근린환경계획에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 연구내용과 연구방법으로는 문헌조사 및 현장조사로 3개 택지개발지구의 물리적 특성(입지 및 개발개념, 토지이용현황, 도로여건 및 도심접근성, 근린시설)의 차이를 분석하였으며, 설문조사로 3개 택지개발지구별 거주자의 사회인구학적 특성, 주거특성, 주거이동 및 선택요인, 이용행태 및 근린환경만족도 및 요구도와 만족도가 가진 한계를 보완하기 위해 만족도와 요구도를 조합한 개선우선지수의 차이를 파악하여 근린환경평가를 하였다. 설문조사에 대한 분석방법은 SPSS WIN 12.0 통계프로그램을 이용하여 빈도, 백분율 및 교차분석, 중다판별분석, 일원분산분석, 중다회귀분석 및 범주형 회귀분석을 적용하였다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 한 결론 및 제언은 다음과 같다. 1) 각기 다른 개발개념의 택지개발지구의 물리적 특성에는 초기 개발특성이 지속적으로 유지되고 있었다.

주거중심형 지구는 주거지역에 대한 토지이용비율이 높았고, 도심까지의 접근성이 높았으며, 거주자들의 생활을 지원할 수 있는 근린시설이 많이 분포하였다. 친환경 계획 개념을 적용한 공공청사복합형 지구는 녹지 및 공