경관지구의 지정 및 운용에 관한 실증적 연구 : - 진주시 조망경관관리를 중심으로 -

진주시 경관지구의 지정·운용과 조망경관 관리를 연구했다.

This study focuses on the view management program, in particularly in height control to investigate the public opinion on the view management and see the impact of it on the architectural activities. The research was based on Jinju where the management of the view is especially necessary because of the historical castle and the beautiful natural environment surrounding the city. The study reviews the current government regulations and also suggests the future steps for the local government to take in order to provide better quality of living for its population.

The most commonly used view management method is the height control of the buildings, the views from the built environment can hardly create the desirable city’s landscape formation in these days, therefore the methods taken are using the historical architecture and surrounding natural environment such as river and lake, and is the easiest ways to control the view of the city. As a result, the height control is the most commonly used practice in view management in order to harmonize both the built- and natural environment. The view is defined as the scenery from the view point, which located in the core of city, to stationary objects such as historical buildings and mountains.

The view is applied differently according to the size, the structure, the height, the position and the distance of the view point. In more developed cities accept and manage much more advanced landscape control systems such as View Corridor, View Cone, and View Plane. In the case of Jinju, when assigning the area surrounding the Jinju Castle as the Height-control zone, these points were the main issue between the governments and the general public. Jinju’s landscape management system follows standard code.

Firstly, set the control object and view point, secondly set the appropriate height using the views from above and below and lastly finds the view image through the survey to relfect the public views. In this study, following this code, the core management area was assigned which was the landscape from the surrounding mountains’ view point, the angle should below eight to ten degree, and other areas such as Jinju Castle and Nam Riverside was assigned as the periphery management area and set different standards for the height control standards.

As a result, the way to frame the landscape management control standard is the landscape analysis of the view line in the form-aesthetic side and the analysis of the landscape valuation through simulation for the practical-aesthetic side. In Landscape analysis, fundamentally set the maximum height limit to be able to recognize the surrounding mountains from the view point and carry out the investigation. In the study, the result of the landscape assessment for both year 1997 and 2009, the public identified ‘harmonization with surroundings’ and ‘openness’ were the most important elements to determine the scenic-view.

In 2009 survey, the ‘continuity with surroundings’ gained relatively high public opinion too. Since the assignment of the landscape-control zone, the request of easing or even removing the regulation was continuously asked from local architects and developers, and these requests have changed some of the regulation for the control zone. As a result, in some areas of central city and the natural landscape zone limitation were eased or lifted, but not sufficiently large enough to shake the foundation of the landscape control.

In the survey for the changes of public opinion to recognize the necessity of the view control and the evaluation of the control after the assignment of the landscape-control zone, in 2009 the public recognized both for the control itself and needs for the control, much highly compared to the 1997 survey. Especially the mountains near Jinju Castle, Nam riverside and Jinyang Lake, the scores for the view control was high and recognized to be very essential. However for the areas along the main street and the old city center, the opinions were divided for the pros and cons, many gave the opinion that the permits for the high buildings should be given selectively in the city center.

Therefore the review of the current regulation should be inevitable. In the result of the survey, the public generally agree with the assignment of the landscape control and in the landscape analysis, the higher rate is given to the controlled buildings in the zone. However there was a divergence of opinion according to respondents, the largest opponents were, since the assignment of the control zone, the developers. Nevertheless in the landscape analysis, the developers gave relatively high rate to the view controlled zone and the lower buildings, which shows the contrast in understandings and assessments.

This possibly can be explained as the reason to oppose is because of their professions. In the study, to confirm this finding the research carried on to investigate the impact on architectural activities after the assignment of the landscape control, and there was no particular influence on the activities and in the most sites the limitations on the height control was not specially large to make any impacts. The one can influence the most for the height of buildings is the floor space index, and a relatively large lot have the greatest impact with the index. Therefore the impact on easing the regulation is partly shown along the main road.

However the area such as the view controlled zone where particularly the regulation should be eased, rather than relieving the regulation uniformly, setting up the certain guideline which adopt the use of openness and harmony relative to the surrounding environment, and then easing the regulation by degrees should be ideal, and the management scheme should soon be found to control the landscape which can be agreed with both government and the public. In conclusion, generally the height control in Jinju’s landscape management show very positive effect, and particularly in t