빅데이터 기반 시민참여형 도시계획 인터렉티브 소통 플랫폼 개발 방향

빅데이터 기반 시민참여형 도시계획 소통 플랫폼의 구조를 제안한다.

기존에 만들어진 플랫폼들은 도시 데이터를 제공하는 ‘정보제공 기능’ 혹은 온오프라인 시민 공청회, 기입안된 도시계획에 대한 시민 의견 수렴 및 토론 등의 제한된 ‘시민참여 기능’ 중 하나의 기능에만 초점이 맞춰진 비유동적인 형태에 머물러 있다(이재준 외, 2015; 전철민·이희정, 2016; 이다예 외, 2021). 따라서 본 연구는 기개발된 온라인 플랫폼에 빅데이터 활용을 더하여 지도 기반 서비스를 제공하며, 시민들이 도시계획에 다양한수단을 통해 참여하고 정부 및 해당 도시의 지자체 공무원들과 소통할 수 있는 인터렉티브 소통 플랫폼의 구조를 개발하는 것을 목적으로 한다. As interest in technology for urban improvement grows, there is a need for platforms that integrate citizen participation with urban planning using ICT. While existing “informing” platforms provide urban data, they fail to capture citizens' concerns effectively.

Conversely, “citizen participation” platforms allow for direct interaction but lack comprehensive urban data integration. This study proposes a new platform structure called the “Big Data-Based Citizen Participation Urban Planning Interactive Communication Platform.” This platform aims to merge extensive urban data access with interactive, map-based services, facilitating direct communication between citizens, government agencies, and local authorities in the urban planning process. The research involved analyzing 20 global citizen participation platforms using a “four-stage citizen participation model” based on Arnstein's ladder of citizen participation.

Insights from these analyses helped develop the “Citizen Participation Platform Structure Evaluation Model,” which was then used to assess the platforms and derive a structured proposal for the new platform. The proposed platform structure emphasizes the open sharing of urban big data, the creation of online communication spaces, and the use of ICT and open-source technologies throughout the participatory process. This study not only offers a novel evaluative tool for assessing online platform structures but also provides a foundation for governments, local authorities, and citizens to develop and improve platforms that effectively integrate big data into urban planning.