중국 도시 브라운필드 재생을 위한 생태효율에 관한 연구 : 바이오필릭 디자인의 속성 중심으로

중국 도시 브라운필드 재생에서 바이오필릭 디자인의 생태효율을 분석했다.

With the continued intensification of urbanization, the rapid transformation of traditional industrial structures, and the escalating global climate crisis, contemporary cities are increasingly confronted with complex challenges in environmental management and land redevelopment. Particularly in cities that have historically evolved around heavy industries and large-scale manufacturing, numerous abandoned industrial sites—commonly called “brownfields”—have emerged as byproducts of urban growth.

These sites typically suffer from compounded issues such as soil, water, and air pollution, along with infrastructural decay, leading to disruptions in urban landscapes and critical constraints on sustainable urban development and ecological security. While past urban development models prioritized expansion and contributed to economic acceleration, they also triggered excessive exploitation of land resources and continuous degradation of natural ecosystems.

In response to the growing awareness of sustainable development, contemporary urban regeneration has increasingly shifted from merely enhancing infrastructure and land value to pursuing a multidimensional balance encompassing ecological restoration, social inclusivity, and cultural continuity. Within this paradigm shift, the ecological regeneration of brownfields is no longer viewed as a simple spatial reorganization but rather as a comprehensive and integrative urban strategic action.

Accordingly, brownfield regeneration has evolved beyond the logic of physical replacement to embrace a holistic design agenda that emphasizes the restoration of urban ecosystem health, the reconfiguration of human–nature relationships, and the enhancement of accessibility and diversity in public spaces. Central to this agenda are objectives such as the recovery of biodiversity, the reconstruction of ecological functions, and the implementation of green infrastructure. At the same time, it must also encompass the revitalization of publicness in urban society and the reinvigoration of local communities.

Ultimately, such efforts contribute to the establishment of a multidimensional, collaboratively constructed, and equitably shared system of urban resilience. This study was conducted against the backdrop of rapid urbanization and the growing urgency of sustainable development, with a focus on systematically analyzing the ecological restoration efficiency of representative brownfield regeneration projects in China. Specifically, it aims to empirically investigate the operational mechanisms of Biophilic Design in enhancing urban ecological performance.

Biophilic Design, beyond its conventional interpretation as a spatial aesthetic or a concept within environmental psychology, functions as a strategic framework for constructing next-generation ecological cities. By integrating elements of nature, it enhances the inherent resilience of ecosystems while improving human-centered spatial experience and environmental adaptability in urban settings. To achieve these objectives, the study first conducted a comprehensive review of existing theories related to ecological restoration and the reconfiguration of human–nature relationships within urban brownfield regeneration.

Based on this theoretical foundation, it developed an analytical framework was developed for assessing urban ecological restoration strategies, emphasizing integration and adaptability. This framework incorporates not only a systematic logic of environmental factors but also the interactive dynamics between social indicators and design strategies. In doing so, it seeks to provide a scientific and theoretical basis for evaluating and improving the ecological efficiency of brownfield regeneration initiatives. The research process consists of the following steps.

First, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to examine the concept of brownfields across various countries, identifying both the commonalities and distinctions among the definitions presented in previous research. By synthesizing existing academic discourse, this study derived a comparative understanding of how brownfields are conceptualized globally. Subsequently, the causes and typologies of brownfield formation were systematically categorized, and the physical and environmental characteristics of brownfields were analyzed based on the theoretical framework proposed by Niall G. Kirkwood, Dean of the Harvard Graduate School of Design and a pioneer in brownfield research.

In addition, a keyword analysis was performed on a total of 8,478 academic publications from the past decade to identify scholarly trends and evolving research directions in the field of brownfield regeneration. Building on this theoretical foundation, the study analyzed the formation processes and current policy frameworks of brownfield regeneration within Chinese cities. This analysis revealed a range of persistent challenges and structural limitations that affect the implementation and effectiveness of regeneration projects in the Chinese urban context.

Through this theoretical investigation, the study affirms that urban brownfield regeneration is not merely a matter of resolving environmental degradation but is also deeply intertwined with sociocultural contexts, policy conditions, and the psychological restoration of urban inhabitants. These findings highlight the necessity of adopting a multidimensional and integrative approach in the design strategies for brownfield regeneration. Second, an analytical framework for Biophilic Design was established through a comprehensive examination of its conceptual foundations and its applications in urban regeneration contexts.

Biophilic Design, rooted in biological and psychological principles, is a design strategy premised on the intrinsic connection between humans and nature. Its core objective is to enhance both the ecological quality of urban spaces and users' psychological well-being through the systematic integration of nat