정비사업의 사업시행과정에서 참여주체의 역할 분석 연구

도시정비사업 시행과정에서 참여주체별 역할을 분석했다.

Recently, interests in the renewal of the old section of a city increased. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to examine stakeholders' roles in the enforcement procedure of renewal and then present their core roles from the aspect of renewal-related issues. With rapid industrialization and economic growth and accompanied urbanization, domestic cities have increased its size and therefore its run-down space has inevitably presented the risk of damage by heavy rain and fire. In addition, at the site of which residential environment is vulnerable, slum phenomena have occurred, thus presenting unbalanced development between old and new sections of a city.

However, interests in the restoration and activation of the old section of a city have increased recently and the government has also taken political action for it. Domestic renewal has been carried out from physical aspects so far, thus enlarging the border of a city thoughtlessly and creating inefficient spaces. In addition, corruption has occurred in numerous stakeholders and systematic improvement has been unsatisfactory. Therefore, "the Urban and Residential Environment Renewal Law" was revised in an overall manner in 2003, thus integrating renewal-related laws which had existed individually.

On the other hand, with the integration of renewal-related laws, the enforcement procedure of renewal from planning to completion have become very complex and each procedure has required its own special knowledge. Since the success or failure of renewal depends on the roles of such stakeholders as residents (association), specialized renewal management entities, designers, constructors and administrative agencies, their roles have become important all the more. But with the increase of stakeholders in renewal, various expediential means have been skillfully employed.

Therefore, in this study, the investigator examined the characteristics of renewal and stakeholder systematically in order to analyze the roles of stakeholder. In addition, in order to analyze the roles of stakeholder in the enforcement procedure of renewal, the investigator examined three districts, such as housing reconstruction district, housing redevelopment district and renewal promotion district. The result of putting the various roles of stakeholder together on the base of actual cases showed that the residential stakeholder (association) was the greatest cooperator and the most interested party for the renewal project.

Its role is to provide land and collect agreements for every stage of project. It represents the public interest for individual residents (owners of land and so on) and plays the role of a mediator. Classified as private business entities, specialized renewal management entities, designers and constructors are agents who work for the residential stakeholder (association)―the main party of renewal. Their main role is to carry out projects with special techniques and they are in charge of the works of constructor, capital lender and designer.

Administrative agencies carry out regulation and supervision according to renewal-related laws and rules and mediate civil complaints generated in the district of renewal project. Its most important role seems to be its authority for a variety of deliberations, permissions and approvals. In order to examine stakeholder-related issues and core roles, the investigator worked out a questionnaire based on a focus interview with specialists and then carried out a questionnaire survey of various stakeholders, thus examining their core roles.

Based on study findings, the investigator suggests followings: First, the residential stakeholder (association) is a corporate juridical person organized to improve urban environment and the quality of dwelling circumstance. Therefore, as the main body of renewal, who representing residents, it must systematically establish "the idea competetion and open forum-oriented decision-making" which respects individual residents' intents and systematize "the selection of subcontractors by the electronic vote of absentees and so on", in order not to generate loss for residents.

And it must also 'focus not on the mere quantitative supply of housing but on the establishment of specialized characteristic complex based on dwelling welfare systems" in order to satisfy residents' desire for housing. Second, up to this date, public agencies have ignored stakeholders' standpoints and carried out administrative procedure for form's sake. In the future, "the window for residential participation", which is not biased toward one-sided leading in the improvement of administration, must be established.

Public agencies must contribute to "the establishment of administrative guidance for ambiguous sphere of business for which there is no clause in "the Urban and Residential Environment Renewal Law" or which is entrusted in ordinances. Their role for deliberation and coordination through "the establishment of dispute coordination committee in local autonomies" must be limited in such a renewal project in which many interested parties are involved and dispute occurs frequently.

Finally, in order for a renewal project to be carried out transparently and fairly, public agencies must actively take "the system of preferential designation in accordance with the implementation of public manager system" into account even in the initial stage of renewal. Third, in order to "enhance the specialty of specialized renewal manager", specialized renewal management entities must carry out special education for the cultivation of specialized manpower.

In addition, to prevent the confusion of complicated enforcement procedures, occurred so far, specialized renewal management entities must "standardize the renewal business by the stages of enforcement" and then reduce trials and errors. Specialized renewal management entities often finance the residential stakeholder (association) in the initial stage of renewal, but they must