자연보전권역의 규제 합리화 방안에 관한 연구

수도권 자연보전권역의 규제와 합리화 방안을 검토했다.

In 1984, Capital Region Readjustment Planning was established to induce proper dispersion of population and industry, concentrated in the capital area, and then to accomplish an orderly improvement of the capital area and a balanced development of land. And with the third revision of the Capital Region Readjustment Planning Act in 1994, the capital region has been divided into the Overpopulation Suppressive Area, the Growth Management Area, and the Natural Conservation Area, thus regulating it discriminately. Among the above three areas, the regulation of the Natural Conservation Area is the severest.

Although it is established to conserve such natural environments as the water quality of the Han River and greenbelts, it includes other regions, which have nothing to do with the water system of the Han River, and its assignment does not consider the distance of water passage to Paldang Dam. Thus, it has been uniformly established, centering on administrative districts.

In addition to the establishment of the Natural Conservation Area by the Capital Region Readjustment Planning Act, the area is overly regulated as the water source protection zone by the Water Service Act, as the Special Counterplan Zone by the basic environmental policy, and as the waterside district by the Han River Water Quality Improvement and Inhabitant Support Act, and the complaint and alienation of inhabitants are severe. In this regard, this study examined the irrational regulation of the Natural Conservation Area to work out a rational strategy for the area. First, the control of action, enforced to the area by the Capital Region Readjustment Planning Act, was examined.

Second, the uniform assignment of the Natural Conservation Area and the over-regulation of the Paldang water source by individual laws were looked into. Third, the unbalanced development of local autonomies within the Natural Conservation Area, due to the irrational regulation, was examined through a variety of indices and data. Finally, the investigator presented a rational strategy to overcome irrational regulation and unbalanced development. As for the rational regulation strategy for the Natural Conservation Area, the scope of development is modulated via a planned development.

In case of housing site, industrial site, and tourist resort creation project, the regulation of development scale is abolished in the district in which the total amount pollution system is implemented. And in case of District Unit Planning is established and implemented, the scale of development is mitigated up to 1,000,000 square meters. In addition, the existing uniform area assignment in which the distance of water passage to Paldang Dam has not been considered is changed into the water passage-oriented area readjustment strategy.

Because the regulation of action by individual laws in relation to water source protection, Special Counterplan Zone, waterside district is more powerful than the regulation by the Natural Conservation Area, the regulation by such individual laws seemingly accomplishes the purport of the capital region regulation. Therefore, such a Natural Conservation Area that is reassigned as a Special Counterplan Zone (Ⅰ,Ⅱ) is modulated into a Growth Management Area.

Finally, as for the strategy to improve the unbalanced development of the Natural Conservation Area, the scope of inhabitant support is extended to the Natural Conservation Area by revising the Han River Water Quality Improvement and Inhabitant Support Act. And such cities and counties that are located in the Paldang basin that supplies water to 23,000,000 citizens and industrial facilities in the capital area, the use fees of the Paldang Dam must be exempted and part of the use fees must be invested into the improvement of water quality of Paldang water source, by revising the Act on Dam Construction and Assistence, etc. to Neighborhood Area.

In addition, as for the strategy of securing the competitiveness of the Natural Conservation Area, the investigator presents the modulation of urban space and efficient use of resources by the plan-first-development-next method. As the local autonomic system has been implemented, every local government is very much interested in the regional development. If this interest is not connected to valid policies, tremendous waste of budget and environmental destruction is seemingly caused. The Paldang basin in which the Natural Conservation Area belongs to has similar problems and is in very susceptible condition.

A region's underdevelopment or falling behind is generally caused by the region's own problems. However, although it has the potential of being developed, the Paldang water source area that supplies water to 23,000,000 citizens in the capital area is underdeveloped by giving way to national and other regional benefits. The competitiveness of the capital region is seemingly the national competitiveness. Therefore, in order to increase the competitiveness of the capital region, the irrational regulation, enforced to the capital area, must be improved rationally.

수도권정비계획은 수도권에 과도하게 집중된 인구 및 산업의 적정배치를 유도하고 수도권의 질서 있는 정비와 국토의 균형 있는 발전을 기하기 위해 1984년 수립되었으며, 1994년 제3차 『수도권정비계획법』의 개정을 통해 수도권을 과밀억제권역, 성장관리권역, 자연보전권역의 3개 권역으로 구분하여 현재까지 권역별 차등 규제를 해오고 있다. 특히, 수도권 내 3개 권역 중에서도 자연보전권역의 규제가 가장 크다. 한강수계의 수질 및 녹지 등 자연환경보전을 위해 자연보전권역이 지정되었으나, 한강 수계와 관련이 없는 지역도 포함되었으며, 팔당댐까지의 유하거리를 고려하지 않고 행정구역 위주로 획일적으로 권역지정이 되었다. 또한 『수도권정비계획법』에 의한 자연보전권역의 규제 외에 『수도법』에 의한 상수원보호구역, 『환경정책기본』에 의한 특별대책지역, 『한강수계 상수원 수질개선 및 주민지원 등에 관한 법률』에 의한 수변구역 등 개별법에 의한 중복 규제로 권역 내 주민들의 불만과 소외 의식이 팽배한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 자연보전권역의 불합리한 규제를 살펴보고 합리적인 방안을 도출하기 위해 다음과 같은 연구를 수행했다. 첫째, 『수도권정비계획법』에 의해 자연보전권역에 가해지고 있는 행위제한 내용을 검토하고, 둘째, 획일적인 자연보전권역의 지정과 팔당상수원과 관련하여 개별법에 의한 중복 규제의 현황과 실태를 파악했다.

셋째, 불합리한 규제로 자연보전권역 내 지방자치단체가 받고 있는 불균형 발전의 실태를 각종 지표와 조사 자료를 근거로 살펴보았고 끝으로 자연보전권역의 불합리한 규제와 지역 발전의 불균형에 대한 합리적인 방안을 제시하였다. 자연보전권역의 규제 합리화 방안으로 먼저 계획적 개발을 통한 개발규모의 범위를 조정하였다. 택지?공업용지?관광지조성사업의 경우 오염총량제를 시행하는 지역에서는 개발규모의 제