住宅政策의 改善方案에 관한 硏究

주택정책의 현황을 살펴보고 개선방안을 연구했다.

Housing supply ratio, in our country, as of 1991 year is no more than 70% and the rest 30% is rent house, especially in capital Seoul, the ratio marks lower to amount to only 53%. This situation is resulted that the demand of houses is increasing accelerately year by year according to the cityward tendenvy of the population and household-individualization for industrialization and urbanization, meanwhile government investment toward house is lack relatively, comparing with other fields and the situation of house-shortage is getting worse. Accordingly, this thysis aims presenting the method as follow to be able to improve all problems mentioned above.

First, land utility must be enhanced, for the prupose of that, one is to expedite utility of the bare ground in not yet developed district and another to raise the capacity degree of existing structures which the usage-density is lower through redevelopment. Second, in order to control land speculation, maximum of site kpossession shall lower to 100 Pyong from 200 Pyong and for the purpose of smoothing house-supply, imposts for site-possession is made to levy heavily on a graduated scale.

Third, for constant security of land price, standard land price notification system is to exercise with spreading it through the country as well as to eliminate in advance the factors of land price eligation and with improving the system of land tax, unearned income must be made not to be converted to an individual. Forth, the purpose of house-application system must be clarified. If the purpose implys that to whomever needs house-demand must be provided, the schedule of house-construction must be established in accordance with applicant's situation. Fifth, in order to stabilize constantly the house prise, the function of civil housing market must be authomatically vitalized.

Fundamently, the house price must be stabilized by increasing house supply and with establishing house-transaction and circulation order, the demand and the supply of houses must be controlled indirectly by improvement of the system of tax and financing. Sixth, for increasement and improvement of supplying small size house, the construction ratio of less than 18 Pyong by private enterpriser shall be made more than 35% of total and less than 25.7 Pyong 80% of total, thus, house supply for real demander must be enlarged. Seventh, supplying of rent house must be extended to the middle classes as long as financial situation of government is permitted.

Eightth, in the system of tax, property tax treats rent house and small size house preferentially and imposts heavily on middle and large size house, meanwhile, with preparing system of capital income tax like foreign country, the system of transferring income tax is desirable to make improve to that of composite income tax which accelerating ratio is applied by summing up capital income and earned income. Finnaly, there is a necessity to have improve house-financing system. Financing for public hosue which guarantees residential safety of lower earners and that for private house on the ground of market principle must be clarified.

Currently, in financing for public house, as supporting amount is so much little(￦8,OOO,OOO level), it helps little for preparation of lower-earned group. Thus, for civil financing, it is considered to be desirable that civil financing makes promote self-regulation gradually from the long-term point and convert to commercial financing bases and also it will be possible to make up house-fund through circulation mortgage.