개발부담금의 형평성 이슈, 장단점, 법적 근거, 미국의 사례

개발영향부담금의 형평성·법적 근거와 미국의 운용 사례를 고찰했다.

This paper theoretically explores the ethical issues and advantage versus disadvantage of impact fees, the legal foundation of impact fees, and the actual practice of adopting impact fees in the U.S. Regarding the cost of past growth, it can be asked why new residents should bear impact fees when existing residents never had to do so. Impact fees will place greater burdens on developments that have low and moderate-income housing. Developers may be forced to build less low/moderate income housing and concentrate on more expensive development. Such moves may reduce the potential supplies of low/moderate housing.

Furthermore, the effect of impact fees on the existing housing may be even more important. The prices of existing housing will increase as new housing become more expensive. Ultimately, the provision of low/moderate income housing will be reduced. Consideration should be given to the possible effect of impact fees on the housing needs of low-income people. Besides the lack of affordable housing provision, another prospective consequence of the imposition of impact fees is that some potential new residents are simply priced out of the housing market, thus perpetuate economic exclusion. This fact may result in encouraging homogeneity of community and discouraging socioeconomic diversification.