18~19세기 호적 호의 가입 원리와 이를 통해 본 호의 모습 : 가옥의 소유권 및 임차권과 관련하여 = The Membership Principle of Family Register Households in the 18th and 19th Centuries and Their Appearance through This : In Connection with the Ownership and the Rights to Lease of Houses

조선 후기 호적의 가입 원리를 가옥 소유권·임차권과 연관해 살폈다.

This paper tried to establish the premise that membership of households is decided by possession of ownership or the rights to lease of houses and check it through the examples of 『Danseong Family Register』 in the 18th and 19th centuries. Separation of households which is a reason of membership of households was done when they are moved out. At this moment, moving out is to possess the ownership or the rights to lease of individual houses which are separated from head families.

This demonstrates that conditions about separation of households are possession of the ownership or the rights to lease about individual houses which are separated from head families and membership of households was possible when people possessed them. Like this, as membership of households is decided by possession of the ownership and the rights to lease about houses, the membership rate that the ownership or the rights to lease about houses were frequently changed in 1735 increased because of great frequency of land transaction.

On the contrary, the membership rate of households kept the low level after the mid-nineteenth century that there was few change of the ownership or the rights to lease about houses as the frequency of land transaction was poor. And the farm villages that there were few changes of the ownership or the rights to lease about houses because they did not move well showed the relatively lower membership rate of households than that of the other cities which did not do.

As land ownership concentrated on the Yangban classes(of noble birth) since the mid-nineteenth century, the membership rate of their houses increased in the nineteenth century because the ones who possessed the ownership or the rights to lease about houses did. Meanwhile, as there was the increased tendency to avoid separation of the ownership or the rights to lease about houses and combine them with each other in the unstable economy increased in the nineteenth century, membership of households by combined families increased and their economic power showed the various features ranging from Busilho to Binjanho as the sizes of houses diversified.

Like this, the several characteristic phenomena which are shown in membership of households can be naturally explained through the conclusion that it depends on possession of the ownership or the rights to lease about houses. And it means that households were classified by unit of the ownership or the rights to lease about houses because they were based on the census type that 『Gyeonggukdaejeon』 defined, not the results that they accorded with natural households or organized ones. In this respect, the households can be the legislated ones that the census type of 『Gyeonggukdaejeon』 defined, not the natural or organized ones.