公營開發事業體의 組織과 運營에 관한 硏究 : 光州直轄市 公營開發事業團의 宅地開發事業을 中心으로

광주 공영개발사업체의 조직·운영과 택지개발사업을 연구했다.

'80年代 以後 土地公槪念 導入에 따라 宅地公營開發 方式이 導入되어 政府公社인 韓國土地開發公社, 大韓住宅公社훌에서 주로 施行하여 왔다. 그러나 地域發展 이라는 肯定的인 效果를 가져 왔지만 開發利益의 中央政府 歸屬으로 地域經濟力의 損失과 住民의 不滿을 加重시켰고 더구나 公營開發과 관련한 運繫道路 등 都市基盤施設을 當該 自治團體가 負擔하게 하는 등의 問題點이 提起되어 왔다. 이에 地方自治團體가 直接開發事業을 經營하여 開發利益을 당해 自治團體가 投資財源으로 還收하여 그 財源으로 都市開發이나 落後地域開發에 活用하고자 公營開發事業團이 設置되게 되었다. 따라서 現行 宅地公營開發事業體의 組織과 運營에 대한 類型과 特性을 考察하고 發展 方案을 摸索하고자 하는 것이다. 本 硏究方法으로는 光州直轄市公營開發事業團의 조직과 운영을 파악하고자 代表的인 宅地開發事例地를 選定 宅地開發과 관련이 있는 公務員과, 事例地의 宅地補價者, 宅地分讓者, 隣近周邊住民에게 組織運營에 대한 실태, 宅地開發事業의 滿足度, 公營開發 事業團의 事業 節圖에 대해 實證 調査를 通하여 그 解決 方案을 摸索하였다.

本 硏究의 結果 組織上 問題點은 部署의 構成 形態가 택지개발사업을 위해서 不適合하고, 部署間 業務配分의 不均衡, 專門人力이 不足하고, 運營上 問題點은 市廳과의 業務協助가 不足하고, 宅地補償및 分讓價에 不滿足하고, 低廉한 宅地는 供給하고 있으나 開發利益還收에는 寄與하지 못한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 改善方案은 첫째 部署構成에 있어 過程. 節次別 構成 原理를 探擇하고 機構를 擴大해야 하며 組織形態를 公社化로 轉換하여야 하고 둘째로 專門人力 確保 方案으로는 公營開發事業團에 專門人力의 優先配定을 通하여 專門性을 補完을 하여야 하고 셋째 現行體制 에서는 市廳과의 紐帶 關係가 가장 重要하며 넷째 補償價의 現實化를 위한 法的 制度的 장치가 必要하며 다섯째 經營評價에서 收益發生分에 대해서는 將來事業을 위해 備蓄하여하며 損失發生時 周邊住民에대해 開發利益還收의 방법을 援擇하여야 하는 것으로 나타났다. Large cities in Korea confront with severe land problems resulting from the inefficient land supply againist incresing demands, especially for residential land, owing mainly to the advancement of urbanization.

This market failure brings about direct public interventions in land market to deal with the land problems. Residential land development project initiated by the public authorities is one form of the public intervention in land market. Up to resently, residential site development projects has been carried out by the public corporation such as the Korea Land Development Corporation, the Korea National Housing Development Corporation. etc. But, land development by those public corporations have brought some negative effects in stead of anticipated positive ones for land market such as proper land supply with reasonable price.

The establishment of public development project team initiated and/ or sponsored by local goverment is urgently needed to generate positive effects on land market and regional economy. As a consequence, Kwang ju Public Development Project Team has founded for the purpose of efficient supply of residential land and reverting development profits to local economy. It is therefore the purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of organization and management of the project team. Through questionnaire survey to the relevant public servants and the residents living in and/or around the project areas.

Major findings of this study are as followes; First, the organization of the projet team reveals some problem such as inefficient internal organization improper work distribution amongst the department, and lacks of specialists Second, there appear some problem in the operation of the project team resulting from lacks of corporation with relevant authorities and reveal conflicts with the lot purchase for land prices, method of disbursement and compensation. As a consequence following measures are needed to tackle above mentioned problems.

Firstly, the organization of present project team should be transformed into the public corporation type to improve the management capacity in project plans implementation. Secondly, legal and instituting devices should be strengthened to enhance corporation with relevant agencies and to establish reasonable relationship with the lot purchasers and sellers. Thirdly, there should be some measures for proper usage and management of project profits and/or loses.