주거단지 외부공간의 친환경성 평가분석 : 제1종지구단위계획 법적용 전후 남양주시 사례를 중심으로

제1종 지구단위계획 적용 전후 주거단지 외부공간의 친환경성을 비교했다.

In Korea, the apartment houses have continued to increase in both terms of quantity and quality to account for the majority of nation''s entire houses. However, since the apartment houses have increased mostly in terms of quantity, such aspects as comfortable living or environmental-friendly life have been overlooked and as a result, the living environment of our apartment complexes is very poor in most cases. In particular, the small-scale apartment complexes have not been developed by private capitals in a systematic way, and thus, their living environment is poorer.

On the other hand, as the environmental problems began to be highlighted as important social issues recently, the Korean government revised Law for Plan and Use of the National Land early in 2000 to designate the first-rate unit plan zones.

Hence, those development project exceeding a certain scale in such zones should be subject to examination of their environmental aspects.The purpose of this study was to assess and analyze the effects of the first-rate unit plan zones on the outdoor space for the residental complexes, assuming that the effects would be more important for outdoor spaces rather than indoor ones.For this study, the researcher sampled each 5 private development projects before and after the revision of the law in an area of Namyangju city designated as the first-rate unit plan zone.

For assessment of the effects of the zone, the researcher selected 3 sectors (18 assessment points) - ''land use'', ''traffic'' and ''ecology'' - out of 9 sectors (4 areas) examined jointly by Ministry of Construction and Transportation and Ministry of Environment for accreditation of environmental-friendly buildings; the 3 sectors were selected because they were conceived to be associated with the first-rate unit plan zones.

Thus, the researcher assessed each 5 sample complexes quantitatively from April through May, 2007 in reference to the data published by Housing Urban Institute of Korea Housing Corporation about the environmental-friendliness of the sample complexes.The results of assessing the environmental-friendliness of the outdoor spaces for the sample residential complexes, it was found that the 5 outdoor spaces for the residential complexes built after designation of the first-rate unit plan zone scored 37.8 points out of 100 points on average in ''land use'', ''traffic'' and ''ecology'' sectors, while the 5 outdoor spaces before the designation scored 20.4 on average.

Namely, it was found that the zoning had affected the outdoor environments positively.Second, in the sector of ''land use'', the former group of outdoor spaces scored 38.9 on average, while the latter group scored 11.4. In the sector of ''traffic'', the former group of outdoor spaces scored 67.5, while the latter group scored 59, and in the sector of ''ecology'', the former group scored 23.4, while the latter group scored 13.26.

Namely, the outdoor space environment for the residential complexes had improved between 1.14 and 3.41 times after designation of the first-rate unit plan zone.Third, in the sector of ''land use'', the outdoor spaces for the residential complexes after designation of the first-rate unit plan zone scored higher in terms of floor ratios, systematic super-planning, community center and facilities and intra-complex special promenades, but did not score high in terms of ecological site value, preservation of the existing natural resources, protection of sunshine rights and networked promenades.

In contrast, the outdoor spaces for the residential complexes before the designation of the zone scored more or less in terms of community center and facilities, but scored lower in terms of ecological site value, preservation of the existing natural resources, floor ratio, systematic super-planning, protection of the sunshine rights, intra-complex promenades and networked promenades.Fourth, in the sector of ''traffic'' the former group of outdoor spaces scored higher in terms of accessibility to the public traffic means and ultra-speed information and communication facilities, while the latter group scored high in ultra-speed information and communication facilities, shorter distances between downtown and suburban town or between suburban towns, and scored some points in terms of accessibility to the public traffic means, intra-complex bicycle parking and routes.Fifth, in the sector of ''ecology'', the former outdoor spaces scored some points in terms of connected green axes, green space ratio, artificial green spaces in consideration of the ecological environment, aqua biotope and soil biotope, but scored low in the other sub-categories of ecology, and scored zero particularly in use of the surface soil.

On the other hand, the latter group of outdoor spaces scored low in terms of green space ratio and artificial green spaces in consideration of the ecological environment and scored zero in the other sub-categories. Merely, the green space ratio could not well be assessed because of the dual legal standards depending on the scale of unit houses.

So, if such differences should have been taken into consideration appropriately, the scores would have been adjusted.Sixth, the current accreditation system for the environmental- friendly buildings rates the buildings as super-excellent or excellent, but such a system has encouraged developers to focus on the points allowing for higher scores with less cost or techniques, while neglecting the points for relatively lower scores but requiring higher costs and techniques.

Hence, it is deemed necessary to readjust the assessment points and their weights so that each assessment point would have the lowest ceiling refusing the accreditation, while giving separate incentives to accredited apartment buildings. 우리나라 공동주택 중 아파트는 양적, 질적인 발전을 거듭하여 전체 주택물량의 절반 이상을 차지하는 주거의 대표적인 양식으로 자리 잡게 되었다. 그러나 이러한 양적 위주의 공급은 주거단지의 쾌적성이나 친환경적인 부분을 등한시하여 열악한 주거환경을 양산케 하였고, 특히 민간부분의 소규모 단지는 신도시나 택지개발지구의 단지에 비해 체계적이지 못하게 개발되면서 열