농지개혁 전 울산군 웅촌면의 토지소유권 변동 연구 = A Research on the Fluctuation of Land Ownership before Agricultural Land Reform in Wongchon-myon, Ulsan-gun

농지개혁 전 울산 웅촌면의 토지소유권 변동 양상을 분석했다.

The purposes of this study were to identify the structure of landownership in Wongchon-myon, Ulsan-gun and how the landownership have been changed between landowners and farmer before the agricultural land reform happened. Before the agricultural land reform, approx. 41.3% of land ownership have been changed. This happened a lot in 1947, approx. 26.8% of the fluctuation of land ownership have been changed. Lots of studies concluded that landowners sold their farming land between 1948 and 1949 before the land reform, but in Wongchon-myon, Ulsan-gun, half of landownership have already been changed from 1945 to 1947.

233 people whom were Wongchon-myon landowners have sold 48.4% of farming land they had before the agricultural land reform. 18 Landowners who had more than 15,000 pyong in Wongchon-myon got ride of 61.9% of their farming land from 1945 to 1950. Wonchon-myon landowners sold 23.8% of their farming land right after liberation, and landowners, whom lived near by other Gun, sold approx. 64% of their land. Generally Absentee landowners showed more positive reaction about land reform then The landowner who was living in a village and this fact confirms the previous studies``s claim. Right after liberation, 128 out of 752 tenant farmer had their farming land.

These people owned 4.4% of farming land in Wonchon-myon and 208 farmers purchased the farming lands. This means 15.2% of farming land ownership in Wonchon-myon have been changed because of tenant farmers. tenant farmer purchased 34.1% of farming land in 1947. Between 1946 and 1947, they purchased 51.9% of buying area. 74 out of 208 tenant farmer purchasd a farming land from landowners. These farmers purchased 12.9% of land from the landowner right after liberation and 21.6% of a land right before the agricultural land reform. The conclusion of this farming land purchasing, tenant farmer double the size of the land, but still they owned less then 554 pyong.

It means tenant farmers had to accept the agricultural land reform while they were still in poor condition. (* Lecturer, Pusan National University / suan68@hanmail.net ** Department of History, Pusan National University / leejb@pusan.ac.kr)