麗水海洋觀光團地 開發을 위한 財源調達方案에 關한 硏究

여수 해양관광단지 개발을 위한 재원 조달 방안을 연구했다.

Prior to researching on the financing methods for the development of a marine tourism complex, any region should consider as a important matter whether or not the political, economic, social, geographical and environmental conditions within the region are mature enough to attract investment by central government, local government, public enterprise, and private enterprise. In this research the issues in the regions were analyzed on a case-to-case basis in order to study the methods for the arrangements for investment conditions first before moving on to the financing plan.

The tourism activities in our country in the advent of the 21st century have rapidly grown alongside the increase in national income, extension of leisure time through the implementation of the five-day workweek, extension of the automobile in use, improvement and expansion of road conditions, and change in leisure activities during holidays. The leisure-focused tendency has also been spreading among people.

Such trend is expected to spread further over time, as the tourism pattern tends to change from "simple sightseeing tour" to a "participation tour rooted in the distinctiveness and culture of the region." As such, tourism is brought to the fore as a new, promising non-polluting, value-added business of the future. Since the tourism development policy of the government has been focusing on overland tour for the past decades, the development of marine tourism areas leaves a lot to be desired.

Recently, however, the government has made all-out efforts to develop the marine tourism field in accordance with a variety of its development policies to maximize the geopolitical location conditions, i.e., Korea is surrounded by the sea to the east, west, and south.

Thanks to the developmentplans of the government such as a tourist belt development plan in the south coast, an urban development project for tourist leisure in the west-south coast (J Project) and a west-south coast development project (S Project), which have been pursuedby the government and JeollaNamdo province, designation and development of the Jeju Island Free International City, and hosting of Expo 2012 Yeosu, the private sector’s interest in marine tourism development has also increased. The tourism pattern of the people is expected to deviate from land-oriented tour and tend toward the tour wherein they can experience a variety of marine resources.

Moreover, the marine tour has changed from simple sea bathing to the experience tour such as the fishing village tour and foreshore visiting, marine leisure sports, and cruise tour. Accordingly the percentage of tourists to marine tourism is also expected to increase from 26.8% in 2003 to 31.4% in 2010 and 40.8% in 2020 out of the total tourism. In addition, tourist demand for overseas tour as well as for domestic tour has drastically increased. The number of entries to Korea in 2007 was 6.44 million, a mere 4.8% increase compared to 2006. In contrast, the number of exits overseas in 2007 increased by 15.2% to 11.6 million.

As a result of the reduction of tourism revenue and considerable increase in tourism expenditure, the balance of payments in tourism had as much as USD 10.1 billion in deficit. Specifically, the balance of payments has recorded negative growth for the last 7 years from USD 630 million surplus in 2000 to USD 10.1 billion deficit it has deteriorated considerably to a total of USD 10.7 billion in deficit during the same period. The author believes that such deficit is attributed to the lack of tourism facilities and service that can satisfy the propensity and preferences of the tourists.

Therefore, developing of the marine tourism facilities in seaside districts where development has been delayed despite its potential is required for vitalizing the local economy, and realizing balanced regional development. Specifically, developingthe marine tourism complex as core facilities is essential for the increase in marine tourism activities and vitalization of the marine tourism industry. Now is the time to establish the marine tourism complex to satisfy the preferences of customers in keeping with the change in the leisure environment. Yeosu in particular is a region with many advantages in terms of marine tourism conditions.

Located at the geological center of Northeast Asia, it has development potential as a marine tourism complex with independent global competitiveness since it has various and sufficient marine tourism resources such as a beautiful archipelago and a rias coast as well as the world’s 5th largest foreshore. Above all, a special Hwayang marine tourism zone to be developed in Gwangyang Free Economic Zone through private investment and the opening of Expo 2012 Yeosu will contribute greatly to the perception of significance at home and abroad for the development of a marine tourism complex in the Yeosu area.

No doubt, there is a need to differentiate further the Yeosu marine tourism complex -- which boasts of blessed natural sceneries and beautiful marine environment -- and to develop it as a distinct, future-oriented marine tourism zone.

The author would like to present various plans for investment and financing to build a general tourism complex consisting of a variety of leisure facilities such as world culture village, hotel, condominium, golf course, marina equipped with tourist resources, and various facilities adjacent to the beautiful national Hanyeo marine park and to establish an integrated tourism cluster through linked development for the successful completion of Expo 2012 Yeosu and to vitalize the development of the marine tourism complex as an inducible and sustainable tourism zone.

海洋觀光團地 開發을 위한 財源調達方案을 연구함에 앞서 지역에서 우선적으로 檢討 되어야 할 선결과제로 中央政府, 地方政府, 公企業, 民間企業 등의 지역 내 투자를 유입할 수 있는 지역 내 정치적, 경제적, 사회적, 지리적, 환경적 여건이 성숙되어 있느냐의 與否는 대단히 중요한 문제다. 본 연구는 이러한 지역 내 문제를 각 사례별로 분석함으로써 先 投資餘件 마련, 후 財源調達 방안마련을 위한 연구들을 유지하도록 노력했다. 우리나라의 觀光活動은 21C를 맞이하면서 國民所得의 증대와 주 5일근무의 확산으로 인한 餘暇時間의 연장, 자