도시 주거지 학교와 공원의 주차시설 입체화 사례 분석과 계획방안

도시 주거지 학교와 공원의 주차시설 입체화 사례와 계획방안을 분석했다.

As the cities are becoming denser and the usage of cars has rapidly increased, the residential areas in the cities are facing up with the severe problem of the scarcity of parking areas. Thus, creating more parking areas and relevant facilities are inevitable. However, there are many difficulties to do so due to the limited land resources and other economic and financial reasons. Therefore, the necessity of multi-dimensional and complexion planning is earning attention as a new alternative. Moreover, there are an increasing number of cases where people secure more parking areas through the multi-dimensional planning of urban planning facilities and parking facilities.

Especially, schools and public parks, two kinds of representative urban planning facilities, play a central role in the local community and they are widely distributed in residential areas. Furthermore, it is straightforward to implement multi-dimensional planning in the unused building sites and there already exists previous cases. Given the above-mentioned reasons, the multi-dimensional planning of parking facilities is becoming more legitimate solution.

However, as schools and public parks are public facilities and hence a large number of visitors in these areas are kids and elders, it is also quite important to consider the safety issues and to continue to provide the existing fundamental functions. Considering multi-dimensional planning radically transforms the built environment, it is also required to establish the city planning and building planning guidelines that reflect terrain and land conditions.

Based on these research background and objectives, this study firstly investigated the previous theories to come up with the multi-dimensional city facilities planning, the objectives of which include the efficiency of the multi-dimensional planning, the safety of users and visitors, and the functionality of facilities. Given these objectives, the research analyzed the physical and usage characteristics of the current cases of the parking area facilities of schools and public parks, thereby suggesting the appropriate planning to meet the objectives.

As for analysis of cases, the research selected 9 cases of school and of public parks among the parking facilities in residential areas in Seoul considering primarily two conditions such as the terrain and the adjacent roads. Concerning the analyzing factors obtained from examining the relevance between the research objectives and investigating targets, the study picked factors such as the usage and planning of parking facilities, the safety of users in schools, public parks, and parking areas, the sustainable functionality of schools and public parks. As a result, the study has obtained the following results.

First of all, the efficiency of the multi-dimensional planning is analyzed in terms of usage and planning of parking facilities. With respect to the usage of parking facilities, it turned out that the conditions and the location of residential area is a critical factor. In other words, if a parking facility is located in the high density residential areas and if closer to the central area, the usage of it becomes significantly higher. Concerning the planning of parking facilities, they were divided into three multi-dimensional planning types such as ground, basement, and half-ground structure, thus showing that other diverse land conditions are not sufficiently addressed.

Therefore, it is necessary to organize the multi-dimensional planning that considers the maximization of parking space, the larger contact area with the upper deck, and the surrounding area, as a result meeting the needs of diverse land conditions. Besides, the plan for multi-dimensional planning was in lack of consideration against the difference between the structure of schools and that of public parks. Likewise, a number of entrance cores were not actually used as the plan did not take into account the efficiency of walking street accessibility, thus indicating that the planning for entrance is advised to ameliorate the accessibility.

Secondly, the safety of users and visitors were analyzed in schools, public parks, and parking facilities. For the safety of users in schools and public parks, establishing the safety of cars and the stability after the change of structure due to the multi-dimensional planning is also important. The planning for entrance and for moving line based on the conditions of adjacent road was inadequate. Especially, in case of elementary school, it is necessary to put the emphasis on the safety with extra care as the commuting time heavy traffic hours were largely overlapping. For the safety of users in parking facilities, it is also important to secure the safety against the possible crimes.

The maintenance of the pedestrian traffic around the facility and the street close to the entrance of parking facilities is turned out to be a crucial factor. Thirdly, as far as the functionality of facilities are concerned, the various relevant facilities and equipment are having an negative impact on the functionality of the functionality of schools and public parks as parking facilities assuming schools and public parks are progressing on multi-dimensional planning. Therefore, it requires the systematic plan to integrate with parking facilities that considers the different functionality between schools and public parks in order to maintain the functionality.

Given these analyzed data, the research suggested the multi-dimensional planning of parking facilities of schools and public parks to achieve the objectives that are the efficiency of multi-dimensional planning, the safety of users, and the functionality of facilities. Focusing on physical factors, the planning includes the presentation of conditions, the planning guidelines, and a part of operational issues. The summary of the suggestion of the design guideline is as follows: Firstly, the residential area that schools and public