統一韓國의 國土開發 方向에 관한 硏究

통일한국의 국토개발 방향과 남북한 국토개발 과제를 연구했다.

With the de´tente atmosphere going on at a rapid pace never experienced before in the global community, so called 'Sunshine Policy'- the inclusive policy of President Kim Dae-Joong administration towards North Korea -is bearing fruits. The Sunshine Policy, encouraged by new international circumstances of post-Cold War era, is designed to help reunite the two Koreas based on the economic power of South Korea. However, the ease of tension on the Korean Peninsula and expectation of reunification is bringing some issues to light.

What is needed is a vision at the national level that should help to heal problems related to national land set aside for the last 100 years and to integrate national territory. This thesis mainly concerns the restructuring of national land that might minimize the aftereffects, economic and social, in the wake of reunification. It also deals with how to make a balanced development of the two Koreas. Following is the detailed description of purposes of this thesis. First, this thesis examines the land policy of the North and South, analyzes the status quo of land development for efficient use of national territory and looks into land policies of China and Russia as well as unified Germany.

Second, this thesis deals with the establishment of foundation for land development of unified Korea. It also makes an analysis of comprehensive development plans of the North by regions and of environment-friendly land development plans. Third, this thesis looks into what to do about trespassed land of the North after unification and reviews the basic direction of reorganization of land system. It also takes a close look at ongoing development projects and development conception according to regional economic zones.

Fourth, this thesis concerns not only problems that should be taken care of for balanced land development of unified Korea, but it also presents ideas for land development and a direction for implementing those ideas. Based on these four purposes, this thesis puts forth basic principles for national land development plans in preparation for unification. First, the plans should be long-term comprehensive ones that envisage the future image of national territory. Second, unity of national territory should be recovered. Third, the environment-friendly ethics should be applied to land development. Fourth, public interests should be increased when it comes to utilizing national land.

Fifth, reorganization should be carried out in an active and progressive way. Based on these principles, this thesis presents detailed national land development plans. Followings are the summary of those detailed plans. First, since it is highly likely that land will become one of the hot issues after unification, it would be desirable to legislate a registration law so that individuals and corporations can register details related to land in question such as owners, sites, areas, and documents, then be given the rights to get their land back or to be compensated.

At the time right after unification, however, it would be better to make a long-term rent to those North Koreans who will be using the land and after a certain period of time, to distribute land based on resident preferential principle. For those who forfeited their land, it would be advisable to make a special law and indemnify them on an equal footing with those who defected to South Korea. Second, laws and regulations concerning national territory should be put in good order. Third, special law governing the assessment of land in the North should be enacted. Fourth, land should be transacted in real names, and the profits from development should be put back into national coffer.

Fifth, local administrations should lead the balanced development of land. Sixth, logistics system should be established. Seventh, ways to develop should be sought through exchange and cooperation between the two Koreas. Eighth, land development should be carried out in an environment-friendly perspective. At the same time, it is necessary to come up with ways to fully utilize DMZ(Demilitarized Zone), one of the areas where natural environment are best preserved, and to keep the area that way. For the past 50 years, it has been difficult to make an efficient development of Korean Peninsula.

In this thesis, therefore, how to efficiently develop Korean Peninsula has been sought so as to help unified Korea to lead this era of unlimited competition as a hub in the northeast region. However, it has to be admitted that the preparation of this thesis has faced many restrictions due to the political aspects and many external variables concerning the issue of reunification as well as realistic problems from the 50 years of division. It should also be acknowledged that there has been not enough materials to refer to, thereby leaving much to be desired.

Still, in order for the North and South to become a hub in the northeast region, it is essential to make a balanced development and utilization of national land.

目次 = ⅰ 第Ⅰ章 序論 = 1 第1節 硏究의 背景 및 目的 = 1 第2節 硏究의 方法 및 範圍 = 5 第Ⅱ章 南北韓의 國土政策 및 現況 = 7 第1節 南北韓의 土地政策 = 7 1. 南韓의 土地政策 = 7 2. 北韓의 土地政策 = 14 3. 南北韓의 土地政策 比較 = 21 第2節 南北韓의 國土開發 現況 = 23 1. 北韓의 社會間接資本 = 23 2. 北韓의 産業政策 = 31 3. 北韓의 國土開發 = 36 4. 南韓의 國土開發 = 45 第3節 國土綜合開發推進 = 49 1. 北東海 貿易圈 = 54 2. 中部 東海圈 = 56 3. 鴨緣江 貿易圈域 = 59 4. 開城·海州圈域 = 60 5. 平壤·南浦圈 = 63 第4節 統一國土開發의 展望 = 66 1. 統一國土의 潛在力과 發展展望 = 66 2. 統一韓國의 國土開發 方向 = 79 第Ⅲ章 外國의 國土政策 現況 = 85 第1節 中國의 國土政策 = 85 1. 改革以前의 土地制度 = 85 2. 中國의 現行 土地制度 = 86 第2節 러시아의 國土政策 = 88 1. 經濟改革 = 88 2. 土地의 私有化 = 90 第3節 統一獨逸의 國士政策 = 92 1. 侵害 財産權 處理의 基本方向 = 92 2. 統一獨逸의 財産 處理에 관한 示晙點 = 100 第4節 外國國土政策의 綜合 = 103 第Ⅳ章 統一韓國의 國土開發方向 = 107 第1節 北韓地域의 土地에 대한 處理方向 = 108 1. 原所有者에 대한 返還方案 = 108 2. 補償方案 = 110 3. 統一政府 所有方案 = 112 4. 現狀態 維持方案 = 113 第2節 國土開發의 基盤構築方向 = 115 1. 國土關聯 法制의 整備 = 115 2.