산사태취약지역의 지정해제 방안 검토 - 일본 토사재해방지대책으로부터의 시사점 -

산사태취약지역 지정해제 제도를 일본의 토사재해 대책과 비교해 검토했다.

South Korea designates Landslide-Prone Areas in accordance with the Forest Protection Act, Guidelines for the Inspection of Areas Susceptible to Landslides and the Designation and Management of Landslide-Prone Areas, and the ordinances of regional forest offices and local governments, prioritizing erosion-control projects to prevent landslides. According to Article 45-8 of the Forest Protection Act, designations may be rescinded due to changing conditions or updated criteria.

However, practitioners are facing conflicting responsibilities between managing the expanding Landslide-Prone Areas annually and the psychological burden caused by potential casualties and damage from heavy rainfall events and landslides. In this study, the methods and procedures for the rescission of Sediment Disaster Prone Areas were reviewed with reference to Japan's basic guidelines for sediment disaster prevention and Kanagawa's local ordinances under the Act on Sediment Disaster Countermeasures for Sediment Disaster Prone Areas.

The study proposes enhancing clarity and transparency in the designation, rescission, and management of Landslide-Prone Areas; expanding structural measures through forested basin-unit management to improve disaster prevention; increasing community engagement by incorporating feedback from residents on the rescission of designated areas; raising awareness of the need for other ministries' plans to reduce reliance on non-structural measures in designated areas; and establishing procedures for the urgent rescission and re-designation of Landslide-Prone Areas.