토지의 효율적 이용에 관한 연구 : 경기도를 중심으로

경기도를 중심으로 토지의 효율적 이용 방안을 연구했다.

Land is the ground of our life and the valuable natural resources to manage systematically for the development and future of nation. Our country applies restrictive devices to a land use plan, and though Gyeonggi Province has a double restriction virtually, according to a restriction policy on the Metropolitan area, it has had a rapid increase of the population and it has ever raised the question of random development taking advantage of the demand for development.

To effectively manage the limited land, we should reflect the actual condition of out past development in a humble way and the environment-considered development should be given a great deal of weigh on the logic in future development. Therefore, I put the purpose of my study on finding out the systematic national land management policy by searching effective land use devices through the intensive analysis of the actual problem in Gyeonggi province development and newly-changed land use system. Roughly classified into five chapters, this study developed the logic. In the first chapter, the background, the objective and scope of the study are clarified.

In the second chapter, I examined our land use system and generalities of legislation. As the development process of land system is significant in understanding our land use system and searching its reform, I intended to promote easy understanding of them by illuminating the change process of land system and legislation by years from Liberation in 1945 to date.

Especially, since "Act about National Land Planning and Use"("National Land Planning Act) - which was newly legislated with the point of 「Plan first, Development later」as the random development had been influential- is an epoch-making law which changed the frame of our land use system, I introduced the main points of reorganization, compared our system with the land use system of advanced countries and made it as tne foundation for improvement. Despite the inclination of market competition resulted from the recent open-economy and the tendency of restriction appeasement, the restrictions of land use have been maintained continuously.

Especially, the international growth of recognition of the seriousness of environmental problem rather reinforced development regulation. As land-related plan and system are composed of the plans of a superior position, a subordinate position and a horizontal position between plans and the type is various, I explained the system in detail to be easy for understanding and introduced "Zoning Ordinance" given a great deal of weight of our land use plan.

As our country applies restrictive means and methods to a land use plan, I analyzed various restriction means by types, presented the restriction methods in detail and made them as the foundation for grasping controversial points and establishing a direction in reform. In the third chapter, I analyzed the land use cases of Gyeonggi province and their controversial points. Gyeonggi province has been put pressure upon development because of easy access to Seoul and typical cases could be the development of new cities and the residential sites development policy.

New cities, which were developed as a governmental dissolution of housing shortage, brought about the side effects such as the problem of traffic over a wide area and "Bed Town" and the residential sites development business of 142 districts was one of the cause of random development by starting without any long-term development plan. Thus, in this chapter I analyzed the realities intensively and adopted them as the ground for searching for a reformed development direction.

Metropolitan Area Maintenance Plan Act", based on the restraint of the inflow of population into metropolitan area, caused unsteady development between regions because of the restriction of location for factories and universities and rather produced the result of population increase due to irregular development losing self-sufficient function. Restriction and relaxation of land use could go together in view of an individual law, which leads to disorder and becomes the cause of problem in land use. Thus, I brought forth the complement of a defect in legal system.

In addition, as for land use system, I intensively studied the problem of passively applying "City Planning Act" to public sites development business known in the actual state of development. As the social recognition of the importance of environment has built up, environment conservation and systematic development of national land is the largest goal of recent space policy, but consideration of environment in the process of establishing a land plan still leaves much to be desired. Since Zoning Ordinance is the most important land use system as a way of land restriction, I also analyzed operation problems revealed in the enforcement process and used them as the basis of a reform plan.

In the fourth chapter, I presented a reform plan for effective land use. As a way of system improvement for systematic development, first of all, reform of Zoning Ordinance is necessary. We should promote the rationality and transparency of the subject of regulation by reinforcing the systematization of Zoning Ordinance and should work out the device of merger and abolition of double-designated zones by intensifying the authority of designation and management of zones and the control function of supervising by means of individual law in "National Land Planning Act".

It would be desirable in the long term to convert land use method from current purpose regulation-centered land management to a western style of plan-centered land management. Second, we should establish a city management plan considering long-term vision and balanced development. As the city management plan is an actual development plan to embody and realize a long-term development, specialty-consolidated plan should be established for the systematic and organized development in the view of long-term national land use a