접근성지표 모형개발을 통한 도시계획시설의 서비스수준 분석에 관한 연구 : 서울시 기부채납 공원 및 광장을 중심으로

기부채납 공원·광장의 접근성 지표를 개발해 도시계획시설 서비스 수준을 분석했다.

The government receives a certain portion of land in the project area from developers as a donation for public facilities to enhance public good and redeem development profits. In the process, developers typically have the major responsibility of public facility planning while the local authorities passively regulate basic factors including the location, size, and number of the facilities. Due to the lack of either standardized approach or legal basis, the authorities have not been able to design the public facility plan with a whole picture and actively request for necessary facilities. Our study has been motivated to address this problem.

In order to maximize the benefit of public facilities, their location and development should be determined by primarily considering the needs of the users. After prioritizing them, budget and resource need to be invested by selecting and focusing on the most valuables and demanding needs. To achieve this goal on public facility planning for donated land, the facility map is required to collect and analyze the quality and quantity of services offered by current facilities. This facility map enables to identify those who are excluded from the benefit of public facilities.

Based on this information, public facility planning can be performed more objectively rather than depending on experts' personal opinions, resulting in effective management of city facilities and maximization of their functional benefits. To systematize this concept, in this study we propose the Accessibility Indicator Model based on previous models. We applied this model to public facility planning of public parks and squares which are often donated. Through this model, city facility planning can be presented as a whole picture prior to the development of donated lands; as a result, the following benefits are expected.

First, the most demanding public facilities can be provided with priority. Second, companies in charge of the developments can be guided to plan the use of public facilities. Third, authorities in charge of the deliberation or negotiation of the development will be provided with help to make an appropriate and rapid decision. Lastly, expenses due to overlapping functions among facilities will be reduced. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first work to present an objective standards for public facility planning. Our model also has advantage in that it leads to provide public facilities for less developed regions.

For further study, more practical models for real world situations are desirable. Specifically, our model can be improved by utilizing more detailed information and can also be more practically utilized by being included in the decision support system of the city planning committee.