旣成市街地內 商業街路의 環境 改善을 爲한 地區單位計劃 手法 硏究

지구단위계획의 경관계획 요소와 주민 선호에 미치는 영향을 분석했다.

Recently Korea has established a new district dimensional planning system called as the District Unit Planning System, which is a unified regulation of two previous similar planning systems of the Urban Design System and the Detailed District Planning System. Meanwhile the two planning systems had been used for urban development and management together but they had been not distinguished each other in the management of urban policy, because they had had very similar characteristics, function and roles. Now we need a new functional and effective planning system for ideal and practical improvement of urban space and environment.

Even though the existed two planning systems had a positive effectives for development of the new cities and streets, they had still a regulative limit by which they could not control and develop the existed urban environment as plan. By the way recently government have been managing the public political projects for improvement of the existed urban environment and they were revealed as practical and effective method for existed urban environment.

All the more, the planning system has to have a creative and artical design concept and to reveal the contents ideally but the existed planning system had been not, just revealed their future volume in building and determined their ranges according to each areal characteristics. Therefore the purpose of this study is to reveal ideal planning profitable to the built-up area especially to the commercial street in it and to propose the enforceable district unit planning system connecting to the existed public political projects. The study area was Myung-dong central street, Insa-dong street and the Ehwa University entrance block and the suits streets and the results are as follows.

First of all, in order to establish the rational district unit planning system, the determination of the area is most important and as the criteria of it the similar characteristical area is to be considered which has to contain the space which can reveal the areal characteristics and images and major streets range. and fundamentally the district unit planning system has to be established for total urban planning area for ideal and rational spatial policy. According to the planning objectives, the planning expression is to be revealed differently and the objectives can be expressed as arrangement, administration and conservation, for example.

Before planning, it is required to find the characteristic factors which can reveal the areal characteristics, for example, contextual type of the buildings, steet patern or landmarks. The planning is to be enforced as three directions, they are the design of the street images, spaces and environments. In the aspects of the design of the steet images, entrance, center, whole image is to be considered to activate the whole atmosphere lively, and especially the design of the square can be used for such purpose strategically.

For the improvement of the images, Public aspects are to be developed first and for that the public political projects can be used effectively, and for further development the redevelopment method have to be used in partial area. In the aspects of the design of the street spaces, the essential guides for land use and building use are needed and the examples of the expression for future development scale and volume of the buildings are to be proposed partially considering the factors for conservation. In the transportation system, pedestrian space are to be focused and the political control of the use of the street can be used for maintenance of the pedestrian focused street environment.

In the aspects of the design of the street environments, unified packing of the pedestrian street, diverse and creative sets of the street furnitures and trees are needed. They are to be designed to activate the existed environment lively. For the signs of the shops short-term and combined improvement among the shops are more effective for the improvement of the commercial environment under the public financial supports rather than individual improvement of the each shops. For the increasement of the enforcement of the district unit planning system, the step by step enforcement planning is to be used rationally and effectively.

According to the priority of the designed planning the planning is to be enforced step by step and first of all the development of the public aspects are to be enforced affirmatively connecting to the public political projects. And in each parts of the constructive factors of the commercial streets, the improvements are to be planned and enforced to change together at the same time. Finally in aspects of not-activated parts of the improvements, the district unit planning system are to be re-arranged every 5 years and the continuous management system are to be prepared so that practical improvement and maintenance of the designed street environment may be done.

우리나라의 도시공간은 도시계획법과 건축법에 의해 이원적으로 관리, 운영되어 도시관리체제가 너무 포괄적, 거시적일 뿐만 아니라 소극적인 면이 있어 도시와 건축의 중간단계, 즉 지구적 차원의 정비 및 개발을 위해 1980년 도시설계제도가 처음으로 도입되었다. 이후 도시설계는 여러 차례 시행착오와 발전의 과정을 거쳐 그 제도적 틀을 갖추어갔다. 한편 상세계획제도가 1991년 도입되어 기존의 도시설계와 병행하여 운영되기 시작하였는데 운영의 과정에서 도시설계와 혼용되는 혼란을 가져오게 되었으며 이에 많은 연구자에 의해서 이 제도의 통합이 주장되어, 그 결과로 2000년 도시계획법의 개정으로 두 제도가 지구단위계획제도로 새롭게 통합되었다. 그동안 건물신축 및 신도시 개발이 성행하던 일단의 시대적 분위기가 지나가고 이제는 기개발된 도시의 정비 및 관리에 더 큰 관심을 기울이고 있는 현 시점에서, 서울시에서는 월드컵 등의 국제적 행사에 앞서 여러 정책사업을 통해 기성시가지의 환경정비를 의욕적으로 실시하고 있으며 그 실현성은 매우 성공적으로 나타나고 있다. 과거 도시설계 및 상세계획이 신시가지 및 신도시의 개발에 있어서는 효과적이었으나 기존 시가지에서는 그 효과가 제대로 발휘되지 못하였던 점을 고려할 때 정책사업의 수행을 통한 기성시가지 환경의 정비는 지구단위계획의 실현성을 높이기 위한 수단으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

아울러 지구단위계획제도는 지구차원에서 대상지의 환경을 쾌적하고 매력적인 생활공간으로 개선할 수 있기 위한 설계안 즉 디자인논리를 갖고 있어야 하며 이를 제도라는 틀로써 표현해야 한다. 그러나 그동안 수립되었던 지구차원의 계획제도들을 통한 계획내용과 그 결과물들은 대부분 획일적으로 나타났다. 그러므로 본 연구는 기성시가지내 상업가로환경을 대상으로, 적용가능한 도시환경 설계이론을 검토하고 그 설계원리가 제도적 틀로서 지구단위계획을 통해 적절하게 표현될 수 있기 위한 방법을 제시하며, 환경개선정책사업의 지구단위계획과의 연계 및 활용방안을 검토하여 실현성 높은 지구단위계획적 수법을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구의 대상지는 명동중앙로와 인사동