農民의 土地所有意識에 관한 硏究

농민의 토지 소유의식과 토지자원에 대한 인식을 설문으로 살폈다.

CHAPTER V CONCLUS10N Although it is in part the consciousness of possession of land by the farmers in general was considered through the question-aire methoed and reached to a conclusion as fellows; Unther the situation of our country in which the land resources are extremely restricted against the sharp increasing demand of such real estate as land due to urbanization and industrialization of the national land along the enforcement of a series of economic development policies since 1960s, the writer hereby is to conclude this study by recommending some points upon briefly summarize the natures of consciousness for possession of land by the farming people in the rural regions through the questionaire research methoed for which how our farmers view of the land for their farming.

1. As a result of consideration for "how the farmers think of the land?" by this Study, 88.4% of the ramers answered that "base of the living" (see table 3-1), and only 8.9% of the farmers who have answered as "the object of investment" This may represents that they view the land a holy object besides the concept of property (or wealth), and by the reason for possession of it, 48.9% of them were answered "because of the land is indespensable for living" (Table 3-2) and so, the ideology of the Korean farmers for land is considered to be sound.

However, as referred to Table 3-2, in particular, that has shown 30.9% "as a means of living since there is no other appropriate occupation to hold" may be said due to drastic price fall of agricultural products by the import liberaliza-tion of which recently and farmers are considerably dis-contented taht the occupation of agriculture in which they are being engaged because of the relative falling behind of that particular industry. 2.

The category of land which farmers prefer was 38.4% for rice paddy and 25.4% for dry field (Table 3-7), and especially, a significant high rate for the dry field by 25 4% is very interesting (reason for changeable use), and under the age of complex faming, it is considered to be desirable that transition into items for income by dry field crops from the rice crops. 3.

The arable land area per farming household of our country is 1.1 ha (See-Table 2-6 & 2-7), but that the farmers prefer is 3.0-4.Oha (See Table 3-10), which indicates 51.2% and this represents drives toward the large scale farming from small scale and one of the bright prospects suggesting the possi-bility of agricultural mechanization.

And also, the farmers consider that the "transportation" first of all when they purchase the farmland (26.3%) which offers problems in management and since the distance between the residence and the farming site under the existing condition is too far away and directly incurred cost from production to sale of the products is low, and this is being a relatively dropping factor of earning and therefore, the mutual exchange system of the farmland will be an object of study for policy to be exercised. 4.

Despite the farmers entirely consent to the private ownership system of the land (59.5%)-(See Table 3-12) and they also agree with the sence of land as "private property as well as national property" by 63.4% and by which we may be aware of that the farmers identification for the society and the public is not low (Table 3-13).

In addition to the above, the occupancy ratio of the land in the rural region in case of dry field & rice paddy by the urban residents has revealed 20-30% (See Table 4-3) and especially in case of forestry, 50% or more of which is owned by urban residents (Table 4-5), and the reason for sale of farmland by the farmers was shown 28.1% "to recoup the school expenses of their children" and indicated another reson that "in order to, migrate to the urban area bacause of the agri-cultural policy is very much unfavorable" by 13.9%, and which reveals the problem areas of the agriculture policy is very much unfavorable" by 13.9%, and which reveals the problem areas of the agricultural policy in the past The issues of these farmland are directly connected to the balanced development of the national economy besides the necessary problems of primary survival of the nation today.

Upon this great premise, establishment of policy must be made under reasonable planning and the farmers must settle the consciousness of the land as for right of possession as well.

Some points of recommendation is to be presented herewith: (1) As shown on Table 3-2, that the indication of reason, for doing the farming business as "a means of living since there is no other approprlate occupation to hold" by 30.9% repre-sents that there is bing problem in the agricultural policy and such policy measures as so called stabilization of price of the agricultural products, decreasing price of agricultu-ral machines, an intensive administration controlling on occupancy of the farmland by the urban residents, the broad support of funds to purchase the farmland for expansion of arable land per farming household, reclamation of arable land for agricultural mechanization, and so forth shall be taken.

(2) Repression of transfer of dry fields into the housing sites in the near-by area of urban region, and (3) Compensation system in current price when the land is expropriated under the official restriction to be provided (4) Study of legislative solution for mutual exchange of farmland, partition and amalgamation of farming sites which may be an alternative to solve the problem of the farmland that is far away from the residence or scattered in the re-mote area.

(5) Acceleration for construction of welfare farm village in the forthcoming 2,OOOs by institutional device that the farm-ers may well get along with the urban population under expan-sion of the agro-industrial complex in the vicinity of farm village by political considerations. These policy wise measures as referred to the above may be of sound base of the national economy and of prime mover of the steady economic develop