空位期의 土地所有權 變動 = The Transference of Lands during the Interregnum in England

영국 공위기에 왕실·교회·왕당파 토지가 양도된 과정을 연구했다.

This article is to reveal the results of transference of Crown, Church and Royalist lands executed during the lnterregnum. Through the driving motive for the sale of forementioned lands was fiscal, London merchant had the controlling influence upon shaping the agricultural legislation. Church and Crown lands and those of Royalists were confiscated and sold. Also some of Royalists were allowed to compound for them by paying a fine. Most of the purchasers of Church lands were London merchants and gentries. The former, for example, bought the 29 percent of Church land and the latter the 30 percent of it. The same tendancy fell to the purchasement of Crown and Royalists' lands.

The Commons had taken steps to assist tenants to buy their land by guaranteeing them pre-emptive rights for thirty days after announcement of sale of Church and Crown lands These steps benefit those tenants who had ready capital and are largely illusory to those without it. It was true that the opportunities of tenants to buy their holdings were seriously limited by the size of the unit sold. When most usual unit of Royalist property was a manor, large estates rendered tenants' rights meningless. But many tenants in the eastern England were most succussful to get possession of their holdings by the parcelled sale of estates.

If we take consideration of this fact, it is evident that this provision was by no means a dead letter. Both old and new land-owners could not maintain themselves without a vast amount of rationalization and improvement of cultivation and management on land. After the Restoration the returned Royalists had perforce to adapt themselves to the new free market condition or they went under in the competitive struggle. In conclusion, transference of lands during the Interregnum carried considerable weight upon establishing the modern proprietorship of land and accelerating the capitalistic management of agriculture.

Ⅰ. 머리말 Ⅱ. 敎會領 Ⅲ. 國王領 Ⅳ. 王黨派領 Ⅴ. 맺음말