複合用途團地 開發의 國內·外 事例 比較 分析

국내외 복합용도단지 개발 사례를 비교하고 국내 개발 방향을 제시했다.

This paper shows the case studies of CBD regeneration in France, England, and Germany and the direction of MXD in Korea based on those cases. The paper is divided in three parts; Introduction part studies about the definition, historical background, characteristics, and types of MXD. Second, case study part shows MXD cases in Korea and foreign countries. Finally, what should be considered in Korean MXD is summarized based on the case studies. The MXD related Korean dissertations and books are studied for this paper. The followings are the foreign cases on MXD.

The purpose of eastern development in Paris, France is balancing the biased development which has been focused on western areas and enhancing the potential cultural image. The plan is solving the biased development between Central and eastern areas by setting ZAC, providing cultural facilities, parks, and leisure facilities, and improving undeveloped areas environment to enhance the competitive power of the city. Politicians and experts have participated in this long-term urban plan. In addition, this eastern development prohibits unplanned development, improves city space, enhances the efficiency of land, and provides building guidelines using SEM for most of the development.

In the mean time, MXD in England is carried in medium/small size cities like Manchester as well as big size cities like London. Dockland district, which had only basic plan without specific land use plan in the beginning, has been developed case by case. Specially, it focuses on historic preservation by reusing the warehouses near by harbor. Barbican district is the case of mixed use residential district in London CBD which is combining cultural and educational facilities. The district is introducing water front to make environmentally open space and making pedestrian passage and buildings in second level like a deck which lets pedestrians access to the district free from traffic.

Also historic shape is used for cultural center building. Castlefield district in Manchesters had been abandoned as ruins of canal and historic landscape preservation district along the rail road since 1950s. Now multi-use development has changed railroad station to a museum, reshaped the warehouses near the harbor, built new houses, hotels and leisure facilities. This new development has been brought more than 200,000 people a year which become major income of the city. Trafford park district has founded Trafford Urban Development area to make evaluation of investment in the region and establish physical basic frame. It is divided in 4 phases to develop each phase at a time.

Potsdamer Platz in Germany is redevelopment of the square(or plaza) and the areas of the symbol of Germany's unification. To make this area to the center of movie mecca, offices, apartments, movie theaters, shopping malls, hotels and casinos have been built under entire space plan. In addition, the building designs at main location of the square are chosen through the international design competitions for variety and higher level of expectation. Local government made the master plan and let private entities participate in detailed development in this project. Media park district in Cologne has made the media park at undeveloped area in the city to improve local economy.

Half of the land is used for parks and lots of offices are built to take advantage of the closer location from the city. Ihme Zentrum in Hanover is developed as a transportation node and made commercial and business facilities in the center. In addition, multi-functional facilities are added including urban houses to make pedestrian network, redevelop old houses, and make suburban housing town. MXD in Korea is mostly focused on city areas as an urban redevelopment. Yongsan district is developed as the center of satellite cities and Coex district and Central city district are developed to regional center or district center for new functional necessities.

In Daejeon, housings, conventional, commercial and business facilities are mixed together on unused land. Master plan of multi mixed use land in Daejeon shows the multi complexes, which buildings are designed not for one function but for multi-function in the huge areas. Coex district is for transportation, communication, up-to-date business infra for international business and Central city is a multi used space with very convenient facilities and parks. Also, Yongsan and Expo district are met the regional demand for international business and historic background or big housing facilities, offices and conventional facilities.

These kinds of multi mixed development are for providing new function to the city or urban redevelopment. In many cases, private fund or 3 sector are used for these development. The followings are the importance of this study. First, the background, definition, characteristics, types and codes for multi mixed development are studied to provide the basic materials.

Second, this paper shows the consideration and direction for MXD in Korea based on foreign cases(background, purpose, main contents, development process, method and development entities) Finally, the study researches MXD in Seoul and Daejon and compares to foreign cases to show the characteristics of domestic cases and make a cap stone for better direction of MXD in Korea In conclusion, this study will help the basic direction, function, and method of development for city planning and maintaining to improve the function of the city.