농지개혁 전 울산군 언양면의 토지소유와 소유권 변동 연구 = A Research on the Land Ownership and Fluctuation of Ownership before Agricultural Land Reform in Eonyang-myon, Ulsan-gun

농지개혁 전 언양면의 토지소유 구조와 소유권 변동을 분석했다.

The purposes of this study were to identify empirically the status changes of the land ownership and its system with a fluctuation of land ownership of landowners and farmers before the period of agricultural land reform in Eonyang-Myon of Ulsan-Gun. Studies have found the following results. First, the landlord had reduced the subject of the land distribution to peasants with the amount of land sale prior to agricultural land reform. Landowners have sold approximately 43% of their agricultural land immediately after the liberation from Japan. They sold most of the land in 1949, just one year before the agrarian reform.

This resulted in sharp reduced ownership of croft land holdings of landowners and explosive growth of farmers’ viscount land and has caused the changes of the land ownership system in Eonyang-Myon. Second, between the landowners of Eonyang and them not living there showed a difference in the sale ratio, time and amount of their agricultural land. The sale ratio of landowners living in Eonyang was higher than that of the others. The landowner A who was living in Eonyang sold 69% of the whole sale land until 1948. The sale ratio of absentee landowner E was on the other hand with 52% of the total farmland-sale rate until 1948 lower than A.

Therefore, it is confirmed that the case of Eonyang was not necessarily fit for the existing view with which the absentee landowner had sold their farmland faster than landowners living in Eonyang. Third, tenant farmers bought the most land in 1949, before land reform period. Because they were mainly buying farmland the land they owned increased until agrarian reform. Fourth, farmers who were also the member of Farmland Committee and tenant farmers tended to expand agricultural land before the land reform period in the same manner as tenant farmers.

Many members of Farmland Committee was affecting the change of structure and ownership in Eonyang, while they was buying farmland in the form of the peasants and landed farmers.