亂開發防止를 위한 土地利用計劃에 관한 硏究

난개발 방지를 위한 토지이용계획의 문제와 개선방안을 연구했다.

Since the 1960's, Korea has achieved rapid economic growth through various development plans. However, continuous growth spanning about 40 years has made the land desolate due to disorganized planning. As the world realized the importance of land, Korea learned to value land and plan development more carefully. The early 1990's saw the revision of many land-related laws. Korea was divided into urban areas and rural areas to be developed, with semi-agricultural areas newly established. While this plan has contributed to Poorly Planned Land Development, it also brought damages to land due to unsystematic development.

Korea's unplanned growth stemmed from its unsystematic development and varied legislation. Such Poorly Planned Land Development has rendered the land biologically dead, and Koreans are losing the most precious thing they can bequeath to later generations. With this perspective, a counterplan has been established to protect the land from unsystematic development through the Law on Planning and Utilizing National Land. Such law is a new incorporation of the Law on Utilizing and Managing National Land and Law on Planning Cities. The new law reorganized the system for utilizing national land and consolidated the system for land intended for local use.

In line with this new system, building capacity ratio and building coverage ratio were also reinforced. A plan for second-class local units and a system for evaluating land aptitude were recently established to prevent unsystematic development of the land. However, the new law is far from being perfectly correct since it has its own problems. Issues will arise from each of the revised legislation, such as the system for land intended for local use, plan for second-class local units, and system for evaluating land aptitude. This thesis aimed to determine such problems and propose a direction for their improvement.

United Kingdom and Germany have a dual system, while Japan and Korea use a unitary system. However, there is a fundamental difference between Japan and Korea. In Japan, the absolute power to plan rests with local governments. In contrast, the national government in Korea has the sole authority to plan. As a result, it is difficult to implement local development plans in Korea. The new law authorizing metropolitan cities to plan their respective development is simply not enough. In order to realize the Law on Planning and Utilizing National Land in Korea, the abovementioned issues should be resolved and improved to respond to the actual conditions in Korea.