도시재생사업의 평가지표 도출 및 거버넌스 체계에 관한 연구 : 창원·전주도시재생사업을 중심으로

창원·전주 도시재생사업의 평가지표와 거버넌스 체계를 연구했다.

The approach in the policies of local development is on the increase for the revitalization of existing old downs which have undergone rapid decline due to the regional problems such as the development of new towns, suburban development, and the reorganization of industrial structure, which are newly emerging. While existing regional development has concentrated on the policy development for underdeveloped areas, revitalization in declining areas is concerned with the development of various measures for economic, social, and physical revitalization in large cities, small and medium-sized cities and rural areas.

While environmental urban generation projects such as residential environment redevelopment projects and the Urban Renewal Promotion Law have been conducted so far, new types of urban regeneration are undertaken in various ways under the Urban Regeneration and Assistance Act. Many municipalities across the country are making efforts to achieve the revitalization of old downtown due to the decline in construction business caused by economic recession, the collapse of community in existing cities, and low resettlement rate of native residents.

In addition, individual local governments should establish and implement strategic urban planning for regeneration and urban revitalization by selecting urban revitalization regions under the recent urban regeneration Special Act. Investigating main contents for the establishment of strategic planning for regeneration, the fundamental thing is to establish the revitalization plans of urban regeneration targeting the regions of urban regeneration and revitalization. However, discussions about specific methodology which selects decline areas are to be desired.

The regeneration under the unit of neighborhood is truly required due to the collapse of local community, decline in old downtown, and deteriorated residential areas. With the subject of neighborhood community which is out of simple physical and environmental maintenance, local resources should be excavated and comprehensive and systematic urban regeneration which can include social, economic, and cultural regeneration should be promoted by cultivating local competency. Today, operational systems for the systematic management in urban regeneration projects have been established.

Central government, regional governments, NGOs, and non-profit organizations intend to build up governance systems in accordance with the creation of community in relation to the formation of an organization for the promotion of the urban regeneration projects. In regard to the institutionalized plans of policies, the establishment of the cooperative system, the operation of integrative finances, the formulation of comprehensive development plans, and the cultivation of manpower and professional workers are suggested.

In the case of the urban regeneration test-bed projects in Changwon and Jeonju, the views of local governments, residents, and local experts as well as the current field survey are reflected. This shows good examples about the initiation of urban regeneration projects based on the creation of coexisting and prosperous governance system for the neighborhood regeneration due to the creation of community businesses such as village enterprise, social enterprise, and cooperative federation and the establishment of the general regeneration in TB region.

In addition, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (2014) evaluated the sustainability and life infrastructure with eight indicators: land use, industrial economy, social welfare, safety and prevention, environmental conservation, cultural landscape, traffic, and housing. This study tries to investigate several points. First of all, it attempts to analyze literatures and research papers related to sustainable urban regeneration projects It is the concept for the development of sustainable urban regeneration. It is the regeneration project that satisfies the need of the current generation without hampering the ability to meet the need of the future generation.

in terms of the evaluation of urban regeneration projects for eliciting indicators for the evaluation of sustainability with a view to finding main evaluation indicators through the typing research on the main factors in the evaluation sector by using the delphi technique.

Second, it examines the priority of the evaluation items by stratifying the main factors of evaluation areas through the evaluation indicators to provide basic data, needed in the process of project decision for the continuation and proliferation of the future urban regeneration projects by eliciting the models of priorities in the entire evaluation items by using the complex weight of each indicator, targeting the stratified evaluation indicators (statistical indicator).

Third, it attempts to suggest the necessity for the establishment of the governance system, which is required for the sustainable urban regeneration by analyzing the cause-effect relationships of individual project sectors for the future continuation and proliferation through the evaluation indicators of the urban regeneration projects, which are drawn by the structural equations to elicit process for the implementation of the project. 새롭게 나타나고 있는 지역문제 가운데, 신도시 및 교외지역 개발, 산업구조재편 등의 문제로 급격한 쇠퇴문제를 겪고 있는 기존 원도심의 지역 재활성화를 위한 지역발전 정책적 접근에 대한 관심이 증대하고 있다. 기존의 지역발전정책이 낙후지역의 발전정책, 비수도권 지역의 발전정책 등 주로 낙후지역에 대한 정책개발에 집중해 있었다면, 쇠퇴지역의 재활성화는 대도시뿐 아니라 중소도시, 농촌이 직면한 지역의 경제․사회․물리적 재활성화를 위한 다양한 시책을 개발하고 있다.

지금까지의 도시재생은 기존의 도시 및 주거환경 정비법, 도시재정비촉진을 위한 특별법 등에 의한 환경적 도시재생사업이 진행되었다면, 도시재생활성화 및 지원에 관한 특별법(이하 ‘도시재생특별법’)의 경우 소프트웨어와 하드웨어를 동시에 재생시킬 수 있는 새로운 형태의 도시재생사업이 다양하게 진행하고 있다. 전국의 많은 지자체에서도 경기 침체에 의한 건설경기 저하, 기존도시의 커뮤니티 붕괴, 원주민 재정착률 저하 등에 따라 원도심 활성화를 위해 많은 노력을 하고 있다. 또한, 최근 도시재생 특별법이 제정됨으로써 각 지자체는 도시재생활성화 지역을 선정, 도시재생전략계획 및 도시재생활성화 계획을 수립․실시하여야 한다. 도시재생전략계획수립을 위한 주요 내용을 살펴보면, 도시재생 활성화 지역을 선정하고 선정된 활성화 지역을 대상으로 활성화 계획 수립을 기본으로 하고 있다. 하지만 현재까지 쇠퇴지역을 선정하는 구체적인 방법론에 대한 논의는 부족한 상황