산지 택지개발사업의 규모에 따른 산림파편화 영향 연구

산지 택지개발사업 규모에 따른 산림 파편화 영향을 분석했다.

In the last few decades, the forest fragmentation became severe due to human-focused development businesses. In particular, housing site development business is typical in the damage of ecosystem and sprawl, which causes severe damage in ecosystem due to indiscriminate use of land. Such forest fragmentation not only damages the habitat for animals and plants, but also leads to serious problem in the size of population, distribution of species and structure of habitat. The object of this study is to categorize the types of housing site development businesses and examine the structural pattern trend of landscape based on the size of business and land use ratio.

In order to categorize housing site development businesses first, housing site development businesses were categorized using the development size. Second, categorized business were subdivided according to the land use ratio, and were categorized according to the component ratio within the business. Third, to analyze the effects of forest fragmentation by type, FRAGSTATS 4.2 was used to calculate landscape index. Through this process, indexes that were the most relevant to housing development business were selected through factor analysis, and the characteristics of forest fragmentation in each type were analyzed. Following results were obtained in this study.

First, development sizes were categorized into small-sized, mid-sized and large-sized businesses, which resulted in 20 types after subdividing them based on the land use ratio. In terms of the analysis of characteristics by type, ratio of parks and green areas was low in small-sized businesses, whereas it was high in large-sized businesses, and the ratio of buildings was the opposite. However, the ratio of roads was maintaining a certain value regardless of the business size. Second, in the result of factor analysis to calculate the landscape index that affect housing site development business, CA, PD, TE and TCA were extracted.

Third, the effects of fragmentation were easing in cases of over 20% of park/green area ratio in general, but the effects of fragmentation increased for over 20% of road ratio. When conducting housing development, number of patches per area is highly influential in small-sized development area, so adjustment in arranging method of roads and buildings may be necessary to prevent the patch from increasing. In case of mid-sized development area, road area displays higher figure than park/green area, so it needs to be adjusted to below 20%, and the park and green network may be required.

In large-sized development area, the effects on the size of damaged forest area, so developments in areas inside forest should be prevented to manage the core area. This study revealed that park/green area ratio and road ratio had a great effect on forest fragmentation in the aspect of land use in housing site development business, so with the consideration on such matter in future housing site development would improve forest fragmentation and the health of forest.