지방자치단체 경관계획 특성 분석 : 텍스트마이닝을 활용한 단어빈도 분석을 중심으로

지방자치단체 경관계획의 특성을 텍스트마이닝으로 분석했다.

Since approximately 15 years have passed from the finance of the Landscape Act, the establishment of landscape plans pertaining to each local government has become more common. At the point of another landscape law revision, this study was carried out to prepare a foundation for a more advanced landscape law revision and landscape planning by analyzing quantitative data. Whereas existing studies conducted qualitative research by targeting only a specific part of landscape planning, this study performed quantitative and objective analysis of various perspectives on all local government landscape planning by using big-data analysis methods that can process wide-area data.

This study strives to complement the limitations of previous qualitative research. The contents of the study are largely composed of three stages. First, the landscape plan reports were collected and processed into a form that can be analyzed with big-data analyses. Second, text mining-analysis was conducted on the collected landscape plan reports. Third, the current status of landscape planning were identified based on the results of big-data analysis. Word type analysis was carried out to identify the trends of landscape planning rather than the individual words.

The trends in landscape planning were analysed from five perspectives: the trends of overall landscape plan, the trends of each stages of landscape plan, the trends of each landscape plans by types of local governments, the trends of landscape plans by before and after revision of Landscape Act, and trends of landscape plans by before and after reorganization of landscape plan. The main research results derived through the above processes are summarized as follows. First, ‘management’ was the most used word in landscape planning.

Given the words with high frequency use in landscape planning, the main purpose of landscape planning was 'management, creation and formation of areas, buildings, cities, spaces, etc.'. Words mainly used in landscape planning were divided into a total of 4 groups, and each keyword group showed a tendency to reflect the characteristics of a specific stage of landscape planning. Meanwhile, the most widely used word type in landscape planning was Execution Method Word. Second, it was found that the general target setting for the plan and the investigation of the current status were carried out for macroscopic objects in Landscape Status Investigation stage and Basic Landscape Conception stage.

In Landscape Master Plan stage, Landscape Guideline stage, and Action Plan stage, practical plans were established centered on Execution Method Word. In addition, as the stage of landscape planning progressed, the specificity of the plan was established through the increase in the use of the Execution Method Word. Third, as a result of the analysis of the landscape plans by types of local governments, it was found that the hierarchy of the local government’s jurisdiction and the size of the planning target mainly considered in the landscape plan were proportional.

Also, it seems necessary to separate the metropolitan city’s landscape plan in the future classification of the types of landscape plans considering that the characteristics of metropolitan city’s landscape plan are between that of the characteristics of provincial landscape plan and the complex landscape plans of Si·Gun, and autonomous districts. Fourth, it was found that terms used in the Land Planning and Utilization Act were used in landscape planning before the revision of the Landscape Act. Also, Resident Agreement, which was a new system, was more often used.

In landscape planning after the revision of the Landscape Act, words related to Main Landscape Management Areas and Deliberations about buildings were frequently used in relation to major amendments to the Landscape Act. Fifth, the trend of the first established landscape plans were very similar to that of the previously established overall landscape plans. After the reorganization, the landscape plans showed that the importance of landscape management, Landscape Status Investigation stage, and local government resource survey increased compared to the first established landscape plans.

However, there was not much difference in the trends of landscape planning compared to before and after reorganization of landscape plans. Therefore, it was ascertained that guidelines for improving the efficiency of the rearranged landscape planning were necessary in the Landscape Planning Guidelines to be presented in the future. In conclusion, it was found that the landscape plans established so far correspond relatively well to the characteristics of each stages of the landscape plan and the characteristics of each types of local governments, and reflect the contents of the landscape planning guidelines well.

However, it seems that the classification of landscape plans according to the current Landscape Planning Guidelines has room for improvement by reflecting the characteristics of each landscape plans by types of local governments. Also, it was found that it was necessary to present guidelines in the Landscape Planning Guidelines for the establishment of a more efficient reorganized landscape plans. In this study, quantitative analysis on landscape planning was conducted using big-data analysis methods to overcome the limitations of existing qualitative research.

This study could be a meaningful research data set for more logical revision of the current Landscape Act and the creation of more advanced landscape plans in the future. 경관법 재정 이후 약 15년의 시간이 흘러 각 지방자치단체의 경관계획 수립이 일반화되고 또 한 번의 경관법 개정의 시기가 도래한 시점에, 본 연구는 텍스트마이닝 분석기법을 활용하여 경관계획의 전반적 현황을 정량적 데이터로 분석함으로 보다 발전된 경관법 개정과 경관계획 작성의 기반을 마련하고자 진행되었다. 기존의 연구가 미시적 관점에서 경관계획의 일부분만을 대상으로 하여 정성적 연구를 진행하였다면, 본 연구에서는 광역적 데이터 처리가 가능한 빅데이터 분석기법을 활용하여 경관계획 전반에 대한 다양한 관점의 정량적이고 객관적인 분석을 진행함으로 기존 정성적 연구의 한계를 보완하였다. 연구 내용은 크게 3 단계로 구성되는데, 첫째로 현재까지 수립된 경관계획 보고서를 수집하여 빅데이터 분석이 가능한 형태로 가공하였다. 둘째로 경관계획 보고서에