부산시 방재계획 수립현황과 개선방안 : 도시계획적 측면에서

도시계획 측면에서 부산시 방재계획의 수립 현황과 개선방안을 연구했다.

The urban disaster prevention plan is one of the important parts that should be included in the urban master plan as specified in the Urban Planning Code of Korea. Although the urban master plan should incorporate disaster prevention plan, it is not fully developed and systematically operated much enough to mitigate various disasters. Over the past 10 years, Korea has become open to various disasters. Significant natural disaster and man-made disaster have frequently been reported from the various parts of the country. Each year, the natural disaster does more than 2 trillion won worth of property damage, and often results in the loss of life.

The aim of this paper is to suggest the efficient urban disaster planning in developing urban master plan to prevent human life and property. In particular, the paper attempts to review the situations and problems of the existing disaster preventing plans and policies under Busan Metropolitan Master Plan and Busan Urban Master Plan. In order to prepare the efficient urban disaster prevention planning, the paper also explores good examples from the cases of Japan where the urban disaster prevention planning is systematically operated and of the United Stated where the natural hazard mitigation plan is used iteratively to break the disaster-relief-rebuild-disaster syndrome.

Based on the assessment of the disaster prevention plan in the urban master plan of Busan, the study suggests the desirable directions and contents to improve the future disaster prevention plan. It is important to remember that the disaster prevention plan should be part of the urban master plan and the plan should be prepared in anticipation rather than after a disaster and be reevaluated and modified as necessary after each hazard event. Effective disaster mitigation requires understanding the disaster, mapping relative disaster based on that understanding, and formulating and implementing enforceable measures to mitigate exposure and vulnerability.

In addition, the disaster planning should incorporate the sectional planning of urban master plan by recommending the disaster measures for each sectional planning. The measures include land use planning precludes development in high hazard areas, and park & open space planning that considers stormwater retention and disaster shelter.