高興 明禮宮 北禦浦庄土 분쟁과 지역민의 대응 : 일제강점기 역둔토 소유권 분쟁의 一事例

일제강점기 역둔토 소유권 분쟁과 지역민의 대응을 연구했다.

Japanese colonialists nationalized the entire yeokdunto(驛屯土: government land) to make Joseon to become one of their colonies through the Residency-General after Russo-Japanese War. In June 1908, Takjibu (Ministry of Finance) established the <Regulations on the Management of Yeokdunto> and the <Regulations on Farm Rent for Yeokdunto> and they could legally nationalize Yeokdunto scattered in Joseon via the cadastral survey on Yeokdunto enacted along with the cadastral survey for 15 months from June 1909 to September 1910.

Eventually, Japanese colonialists strengthened their materialistic foundation of colonial rule by creating a range of nationally-possessed uncultivated land as well as Yeokdunto through Toji josa saeop (cadastral survey). A total area of 356,842,846 pyeong was confirmed then as government-owned Yeokdunto, which reached 118,947 jeongbo and could be equal to 567,080 pilji.

Korean farmers organically started the disputes on their possession rights for their land against Japanese colonialists for the maintenance and reinforcement of the possessive rights on their land before the "cadastral survey." 65% out of the disputes on cadastral survey (64,449 pilji) were related to those on the possession rights on government-owned land.

There were especially many disputes on Dunto and Mokjangto including gungbangjeon; however, Japanese colonialists who were so obsessed with robbing the Koreans of government-owned land terminated Korean farmers' possession rights on land by the arbitrary measures of Judgment Committee Concerning Disputed Areas such as by making an amicable settlement between the relevant parties or suppressing Korean farmers in a violent manner. This study looked closely into a regional case regarding the disputed land for the cadastral survey on Japanese colonialists' Yeokdunto and its enrollment as government-owned land and the responses of those who were closely related to the given land.

Dungeon of Bukeopo, Doyang-myeon, Goheung-gun, Jeollanam-do was enrolled as Mokjangto and some of the Mokjangto were switched into Myeongrye-gungbangjeon, on which a set of opinions were established in 1890 by local people. It has been expected that this study investigated what was really happening in terms of the disputes on Yeokdunto during the Japanese colonial period with the example of the responses of people from Bukeopo-jangto up to the mid-1920s when the possession rights on Bukjangpo were transferred from palace-owned house to the government-general and disposed.

First of all, this study attempted to examine the overall situations and operation with regards to Yeokdunto in Goheung area in the 19th century to figure out the process of establishing Myeongrye-gungbangjeon. Then, it investigated the formation and management of Bukeopojangto in Myeongryegung of Dodeok-ri, Doyang-myeon, Goheung with the aid of 『Record on Harvest in Myeongryegung (明禮宮秋收記)』 and 『Publication of a Book on Yeokdunto by Accounting Office (經理院驛屯土成冊)』.

Lastly, it examined the routes of how Bukeopojangto in Myeongryegung of Doyang, Goheung was enrolled as Japanese colonialists' owned uncultivated land and the responses of local people based on the 「written petition」 (An Actual Case of Disputes on Government-owned Uncultivated Land in Doyang-myeon, Goheung-gun: 高興郡 道陽面 國有未墾地 競爭事實). However, this study failed to organize the overall image of Yeokdunto due to the lack of documents concerning its scope in Goheung area.

In addition, the researcher of this study ashamedly and apparently felt the simplicity of its content and the lack of logical persuasion in terms of introducing the responses of Yeokdunto-related people at the beginning of Japanese colonial period based on insufficient existing research outcomes.

Ⅰ. 머리말 ………………………………………………… 1 Ⅱ. 조선후기 고흥지역 역둔토의 실태 ……………… 3 1. 역토 …………………………………………………… 6 2. 둔토 …………………………………………………… 8 3. 궁장토 ………………………………………………… 14 Ⅲ. 고흥지역 명례궁장토의 확대 1. 고흥과 명례궁 ……………………………………… 18 2. 明禮宮 北禦浦庄土의 형성과 경영 ……………… 20 Ⅳ. 北禦浦庄土의 국유미간지 편입과 지역민의 대응 1. 북어포장토의 국유미간지 편입 …………………… 26 2. 지역민의 대응 …………………………………………30 Ⅵ. 맺음말 ………………………………………………… 38 단행본 ……………………………………………… 41 참고논문 …………………………………………… 42 참고문헌 ………………………………………………44 부록 …………………………………………………… 45